3MW直驱式双定子无刷双馈风力发电机电磁设计与分析

发布时间：2018-05-04 10:23

本文选题：风力发电 + 双定子　；参考：《沈阳工业大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：海上风能具有稳定性好、风速高、容易预测等突出优势,但是海上特殊的气候环境,对风力发电系统可靠性要求极高。因此,研制一种便于维护、功率密度大、低速直驱、可靠性高的大型风力发电机对海上风电技术的发展具有十分重要的意义。无刷双馈电机具有固有极数高、无刷可靠、变流器功率小的优点,而且可实现变速恒频发电,特别适合海上风力发电系统。针对直驱风力发电机的大径长比,转子内腔空间不能被充分利用,导致电机功率密度低的问题,本文提出了一种双定子无刷双馈发电机(DSBDFG),转子采用背靠背磁障转子模块(BTB-RMBM)结构。但该种电机运行机理十分复杂,电磁设计理论尚不成熟,加之采用双定子结构,增加了设计难度。本文以DSBDFG为研究对象,对该种电机的电磁设计方案、主要尺寸确定方法以及发电机性能计算等进行研究。主要包括以下内容:首先,介绍了DSBDFG的结构、磁场调制机理以及能量流通关系,绘制了内外绕组不同连接方式的电路原理图以及功率流通图。其次,确定了DSBDFG的主要尺寸确定方法,分析了不同内外功率裂变比对电机电磁参数的影响规律,对不同极槽配合方案的绕组反电势波形畸变率和气隙磁密谐波含量进行了计算。最终确定电机的极数、槽数、模块数以及功率裂变比等参数,并且根据电机的额定参数计算了电机的主要尺寸,推导了DSBDFG的主要尺寸计算算例。再次,利用Ansys Maxwell软件,建立了DSBDFG的单元模块化有限元仿真模型,对电机进行了空载特性、负载特性以及变速恒频发电特性的仿真分析。同时,对电机额定工作点时的定转子铁耗、铜耗以及附加损耗进行了分析计算,并得到电机的效率。最后,根据DSBDFG的电磁设计流程以及相关参数的选取原则,编制了电磁计算程序,计算了电机的主要尺寸、绕组参数、槽形尺寸、磁路参数以及材料用量等。并通过Matlab的GUI功能建立了参数计算可视化界面,为该种电机的电磁设计过程提供了一种友好的人机交互环境,同时对比分析了不同结构类型直驱型风力发电机的优势与不足。
[Abstract]:Offshore wind energy has many advantages, such as good stability, high wind speed, easy to predict and so on. However, the special climate environment on the sea requires high reliability of wind power generation system. Therefore, it is of great significance to develop a large wind turbine which is easy to maintain, high power density, low speed direct drive and high reliability for offshore wind power technology. Brushless doubly-fed machine has the advantages of high intrinsic poles, reliable brushless, low power converter, and can realize variable speed constant frequency generation, especially suitable for offshore wind power generation system. In order to solve the problem that the large diameter ratio of direct drive wind turbine can not be fully utilized in the rotor cavity space, which leads to the low power density of the motor, a double-stator brushless doubly-fed generator (DSBDFGN) is proposed in this paper. The rotor adopts a back to back magnetic barrier rotor module (BTB-RMBM). However, the operation mechanism of this kind of motor is very complex, the theory of electromagnetic design is not mature, and the double stator structure is adopted, which makes the design more difficult. In this paper, DSBDFG is taken as the research object. The electromagnetic design scheme, main dimension determination method and generator performance calculation of this kind of motor are studied. The main contents are as follows: firstly, the structure of DSBDFG, the modulation mechanism of magnetic field and the relation of energy flow are introduced, and the circuit schematic diagram and power flow diagram of different connection modes of inner and outer windings are drawn. Secondly, the main dimension determination method of DSBDFG is determined, the influence of different internal and external power fission ratio on the electromagnetic parameters of the motor is analyzed, and the distortion rate of the winding reverse EMF waveform and the magnetic density harmonic content of the air gap are calculated for the different pole-slot matching schemes. The parameters of the motor such as pole number slot number module number and power fission ratio are determined and the main dimensions of the motor are calculated according to the rated parameters of the motor. An example of calculating the main dimensions of DSBDFG is derived. Thirdly, using Ansys Maxwell software, the element modular finite element simulation model of DSBDFG is established, and the characteristics of no-load, load and variable-speed constant frequency generator are simulated and analyzed. At the same time, the iron loss, copper loss and additional loss of stator and rotor at rated working point of motor are analyzed and calculated, and the efficiency of motor is obtained. Finally, according to the electromagnetic design flow of DSBDFG and the selection principle of related parameters, the electromagnetic calculation program is compiled, and the main dimensions, winding parameters, slot dimensions, magnetic circuit parameters and material amount of the motor are calculated. Through the GUI function of Matlab, the visual interface of parameter calculation is established, which provides a friendly man-machine interactive environment for the electromagnetic design process of this kind of motor. At the same time, the advantages and disadvantages of different types of direct-drive wind turbine are compared and analyzed.
【学位授予单位】：沈阳工业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TM315

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