小型光伏镍氢储能系统的研制

发布时间：2018-05-05 00:15

本文选题：光伏发电 + 储能管理系统　；参考：《北方工业大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：由于世界能源问题的日益凸显,人们不断地在寻找自然界中可利用的能量。如何将光能、风能等能量以绿色、低碳的方式存储起来,已经成为世界能源发展的方向。同时,伴随着电动汽车产量的增加,会导致动力电池的退役量增多,这样不但降低了电池的生命周期,而且报废后的电芯会造成环境污染。因此,本文开发了基于梯次利用动力电池的光伏储能系统,该系统无论是从环保角度还是社会角度都具有较高的价值。根据储能系统的功能,本文研制了以退役后的镍氢动力电池为蓄电池组,以薄膜太阳能电池板为发电装置的小型光伏储能系统。系统包含了能量管理系统,同时根据光伏电池板的输出特性设计了基于Boost升压电路的DC/DC变换器,从而实现了从发电—储能—用电的整个过程。主要工作如下:首先,对于储能蓄电池部分,文章通过对退役后的镍氢动力电池组进行容量测试、静态电压测试,根据测试结果,本文采用基于欧拉距离聚类分析的配组方法将备选电池组成系统用的蓄电池组,其中电压等级为48V,容量为40Ah。其次,针对系统功能,开发基于飞思卡尔MC9S12XEG128单片机和电源管理专用芯片LTC6803的能量管理系统。系统硬件电路设计了采样模块,可以实现电池组电压、电流和温度三大状态量的采样功能:同时,从延长电池寿命及提高电池组利用率的角度考虑,设计了电池组均衡电路。对于光伏发电部分,本文采用薄膜太阳能电池板进行实验。并采用了基于爬山法的最大功率点跟踪算法,通过扰动光伏输出电压,实现系统的最大功率输出。软件部分采用嵌入式微处理器开发软件CodeWarrior IDE进行编写。软件部分主要可分为充电控制、蓄电池状态监测和用电控制三大部分。充电控制主要包括光伏发电系统的DC/DC电路控制,值得注意的是,光伏系统需要实现能量传输的最大化,软件部分设计了最大功率点跟踪算法;蓄电池状态监测部分主要包括实时采集和处理蓄电池组的状态信息,以及蓄电池组SoC的估算等功能;用电控制部分根据发电侧及蓄电池当前状态来判断负载使用情况。
[Abstract]:As the world's energy problems become increasingly prominent, people are constantly looking for energy available in nature. How to store energy such as light energy and wind energy in green and low carbon way has become the direction of energy development in the world. At the same time, with the increase of electric vehicle output, the decommissioning of power battery will increase, which will not only reduce the battery life cycle, but also lead to environmental pollution. Therefore, a photovoltaic energy storage system based on echelon utilization of power cells is developed in this paper, which is of high value from both environmental and social perspectives. According to the function of the energy storage system, a small photovoltaic energy storage system is developed, in which the retired Ni-MH power cell is used as the battery unit and the thin film solar panel is used as the generator. The system includes an energy management system and a DC/DC converter based on Boost boost circuit is designed according to the output characteristics of photovoltaic panels. The main work is as follows: first of all, for the energy storage battery, through the capacity test, static voltage test, according to the test results, In this paper, an Euler distance clustering method is used to set up the battery set for the system. The voltage grade is 48 V and the capacity is 40 Ah. Secondly, the energy management system based on Freescale MC9S12XEG128 single chip and special power management chip LTC6803 is developed. The sampling module is designed in the hardware circuit of the system, which can realize the sampling function of voltage, current and temperature. At the same time, the equalization circuit is designed from the view of prolonging the battery life and improving the utilization ratio of battery pack. In the part of photovoltaic power generation, thin film solar panels are used in the experiment. The maximum power point tracking algorithm based on climbing method is used to realize the maximum power output of the system by disturbing the photovoltaic output voltage. The software part is written by embedded microprocessor development software CodeWarrior IDE. The software can be divided into three parts: charging control, battery condition monitoring and electric control. Charging control mainly includes the DC/DC circuit control of photovoltaic power generation system. It is worth noting that the photovoltaic system needs to maximize the energy transmission, and the maximum power point tracking algorithm is designed in the software part. The state monitoring part of battery mainly includes the functions of collecting and processing the state information of battery group and estimating the SoC of battery group in real time, and the electric control part judges the load using condition according to the generation side and the current state of battery.
【学位授予单位】：北方工业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TM912;TM615

【参考文献】