电子线用无卤阻燃辐照交联聚烯烃电缆料

发布时间：2018-05-23 16:20

本文选题：电子线 + 无卤阻燃　；参考：《哈尔滨理工大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：聚烯烃(PO)具有突出的电性能、加工性,成为电子线用电缆料的首选材料。而PO属热塑性材料,存在易燃和耐热性差等缺点,其应用受到限制,PO的无卤阻燃辐照交联成为当前该领域研究热点之一。目前,电子线用聚烯烃电缆料普遍存在阻燃效果低、力学性能差等缺陷。为此,研究高阻燃性能和力学性能良好的电子线用无卤阻燃辐照交联聚烯烃电缆料具有重要意义。本文将聚磷酸铵(APP-OS)、三聚氰胺氰尿酸盐(MCA)及季戊四醇(PER)进行复配,并确定其最佳配比。首次用APP-OS对PER进行改性,研究其影响改性工艺的因素并确定最佳改性工艺及配比。通过氧指数(OI)、热重分析(TG)、力学性能等测试,研究协效阻燃剂二乙基次膦酸铝(ADP)、硼酸锌(ZB)、硅酮粉(GM)与无机金属氢氧化物体系(PO/ATH)协同作用及协效阻燃剂ADP、有机蒙脱土(OMMT)、GM对膨胀体系(PO/IFR)的协同作用。结果表明,适量的ADP、ZB、GM分别与PO/ATH复合,其OI、热稳定性及炭层结构致密性均有提高,GM还有助于改善体系力学性能;复配的ADP/ZB/GM加入体系后,其阻燃性优于单一的协效剂,OI由26.8%提高到30.3%。适量的ADP、OMMT、GM分别与PO/IFR复合,其OI、炭层结构致密性及热稳定性均有提高,OMMT及GM还可有效的提高体系力学性能。复配的ADP/OMMT/GM对体系的阻燃性能优于单一协效阻燃剂,OI由26.4%提高到32.1%。采用乙烯基三甲氧基硅烷(VTMO)处理PO/ATH和PO/IFR体系,进一步研究VTMO用量对体系性能的影响。结果表明,适量的VTMO可较好的提高PO/ATH及PO/IFR的分散性。当用量为0.6 wt%时,PO/ATH的拉伸强度为12.8 MPa、断裂伸长率为177%、OI为31.1%;当用量为0.8 wt%时,PO/IFR的拉伸强度为11.4 MPa、断裂伸长率为145%、OI为33.9%。最后研究了辐照剂量对PO/ATH和PO/IFR性能的影响。结果表明,对于PO/ATH,当辐照剂量为120 k Gy时综合性能最佳。而对PO/IFR,当辐照剂量为90 k Gy时综合性能最佳。通过对ATH阻燃体系和IFR阻燃体系优化组合,得到电子线用无卤阻燃辐照交联聚烯烃电缆料配方。
[Abstract]:Polyolefin (POO) has outstanding electrical properties and processability and has become the preferred material for cable materials for electronic wire. However, PO is a thermoplastic material, which has the disadvantages of poor flammability and heat resistance. Its application is restricted by halogen-free flame retardancy and irradiation crosslinking, which has become one of the research hotspots in this field. At present, polyolefin cable materials for electronic wire have many defects, such as low flame retardancy and poor mechanical properties. Therefore, it is of great significance to study halogen free flame retardant and irradiation crosslinked polyolefin cable materials with high flame retardancy and good mechanical properties. In this paper, ammonium polyphosphate (APP-OS), melamine cyanuric acid (MCA) and pentaerythritol (per) were mixed and the optimum ratio was determined. PER was modified by APP-OS for the first time. The factors affecting the modification process were studied and the optimum modification technology and ratio were determined. By means of oxygen index (OI), thermogravimetric analysis (TGG), mechanical properties, etc. The synergistic effects of synergistic flame retardants, such as aluminum diethylphosphonate, zinc borate (ZBO), silicone powder (GM) and inorganic metal hydroxide system (POP / ATH), and the synergistic effect of flame retardants ADP and OMMT / GM on the expansion system PO-IFR were studied. The results show that the proper amount of PO/ATH can improve the mechanical properties of the system, and the flame retardancy of the compound ADP/ZB/GM is better than that of the single synergistic agent, from 26.8% to 30.33%. The compactness and thermal stability of OMMT and GM can improve the mechanical properties of PO/IFR. The flame retardancy of the composite ADP/OMMT/GM was better than that of a single synergistic flame retardant from 26.4% to 32.1%. The PO/ATH and PO/IFR systems were treated with vinyl trimethoxysilane (VTM), and the effect of VTMO content on the properties of the system was further studied. The results showed that proper amount of VTMO could improve the dispersion of PO/ATH and PO/IFR. The tensile strength of POP / ATH is 12.8 MPA and the elongation at break is 1770.The tensile strength of POP / ATH is 11.4 MPA and the elongation at break is 33.9when the dosage is 0.8 wt%, the tensile strength of POP / ATH is 11.4 MPA and the elongation at break is 145 MPA. Finally, the effects of irradiation dose on the properties of PO/ATH and PO/IFR were studied. The results show that for PO-ATH, the comprehensive performance is the best when the irradiation dose is 120kGy. For POP / IFR, the comprehensive performance is the best when irradiation dose is 90 kGy. By optimizing the combination of ATH flame retardant system and IFR flame retardant system, the formulation of halogen-free flame retardant and irradiation crosslinked polyolefin cable compound for electronic wire was obtained.
【学位授予单位】：哈尔滨理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TM24

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