基于SVPWM及软开关的内反馈斩波串级调速系统的建模与仿真

发布时间：2018-05-27 13:20

本文选题：串级调速 + 双闭环　；参考：《西华大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：我国能源短缺,因此,开发新型节能技术就显得尤为重要。而风机和水泵在国家重大民生部门应用中数量众多,分布面广,耗电量大。如今实际中应用较多的是变频调速和串级调速两种调速方式。通过对性能分析和价格对比等各方面因素的考虑,决定采用串级调速的方式。串级调速的对象主要是绕线式电机,相对于变频调速,串级调速方案的价格优势是在大功率的风机、水泵调速等领域。串级调速系统中主要存在着斩波环节开关管IGBT的开关损耗比较大,同时逆变器往往采用晶闸管组成的三相桥式逆变器,这种逆变器存在谐波比较大,容易发生逆变颠覆的问题。从而造成了整个调速系统的功率因数低,系统稳定性差等问题。论文的主要工作及改进总结如下:(1)深入研究异步电动机斩波串级调速系统的运行原理,建立斩波串调系统的数学模型,并在此基础上说明了主回路参数的设计方法与原则;(2)针对串级调速系统稳定性差的问题,本文在串级调速系统的斩波部分采用双闭环的控制方案,并分别按典型(40)系统、典型(40)(40)系统来设计电流环、转速环。(3)针对串级调速系统斩波环节开关管IGBT的开关损耗比较大的问题,本文采用了无源无损软开关技术,并把它应用到串级调速系统的斩波环节中,以此来减小开关管IGBT的开关损耗。并对无源无损软开关电路中的相关参数进行了设计;(4)针对串级调速系统中的逆变器存在着谐波比较大,容易发生逆变颠覆,以及系统功率因数比较低等问题,本文将SVPWM控制算法应用到串级调速系统当中的逆变器中以提高系统的功率因数和减小电压、电流波形中的谐波成分。并详细分析了空间电压矢量控制(SVPWM)调制技术的原理及法则,并归纳出应用到三相桥式电压型有源逆变器当中的控制算法;最后利用MATLAB软件提供的动态仿真工具SIMULINK建立了基于SVPWM及软开关的内反馈斩波串级调速系统的仿真模型,对仿真模型中参数进行设置并仿真,并对得到的电压以及电流波形进行分析;通过对串级调速系统的功率因数以及开关管的开关损耗进行分析,分析结果表明:串级调速系统的功率因数得到了提高,斩波部分开关管IGBT的开关损耗几乎为零。因此,本文得出结论,基于SVPWM及软开关的内馈斩波串级调速系统能够达到提高系统功率因数,降低开关管损耗的目的。
[Abstract]:Because of the shortage of energy in our country, it is very important to develop new energy saving technology. The fan and water pump are widely used in the national major people's livelihood sector, with a wide distribution and high power consumption. Nowadays, two kinds of speed regulating methods are used in the practice of variable frequency speed regulation and cascade speed regulation. The factors such as performance analysis and price comparison are passed through. As a result, cascade speed regulation is adopted. The main object of cascade speed regulation is winding type motor. Compared with frequency conversion, the price advantage of cascade speed regulation scheme is in the fields of high power fan and pump speed regulation. In cascade speed regulation system, the switching loss of chopper link IGBT is large and the inverter is often used. Three phase bridge inverters composed of thyristor are used in this inverter, which has large harmonic and easy inverting problems. Thus, the power factor of the whole speed control system is low and the stability of the system is poor. The main work and improvement of the paper are summarized as follows: (1) deep study on the chopper cascade speed regulation system of asynchronous motor. The mathematical model of chopper string tuning system is set up, and the design method and principle of the main circuit parameters are explained on this basis. (2) in view of the poor stability of the cascade speed control system, the double closed loop control scheme is adopted in the chopping part of the cascade speed regulation system, and the typical (40) system, the typical (40) (40) system is set up respectively. The current loop and speed loop. (3) in view of the large switching loss of the chopper IGBT in the cascade speed control system, this paper adopts the passive lossless soft switching technology and applies it to the chopper link of the cascade speed control system, in order to reduce the switching loss of the switch tube IGBT and the related parameters in the passive lossless soft switching circuit. The number is designed. (4) for the inverter in cascade speed regulation system, the inverter has a large harmonic, easy inversion and low power factor, and the SVPWM control algorithm is applied to the inverter in cascade speed control system to improve the power factor of the system and reduce the voltage and the harmonic in the current waveform. The principle and rule of the space voltage vector control (SVPWM) modulation technology are analyzed in detail, and the control algorithm used in the three-phase bridge type voltage active inverter is summed up. At last, the imitation of the internal feedback chopper cascade speed control system based on the SVPWM and the soft switch is established by using the dynamic simulation tool SIMULINK provided by the MATLAB software. In the real model, the parameters in the simulation model are set and simulated, and the voltage and current waveform are analyzed. The power factor of the cascade speed regulation system and the switching loss of the switch tube are analyzed. The analysis results show that the power factor of the cascade speed regulation system is improved and the switch loss of the chopped partial switch tube IGBT is lost. The consumption is almost zero. Therefore, this paper draws a conclusion that the internal feed chopper cascade speed regulation system based on SVPWM and soft switch can improve the power factor of the system and reduce the loss of the switch tube.
【学位授予单位】：西华大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TM921.51

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