一种开关磁阻电机直接瞬时转矩控制方法的研究与实验

发布时间：2018-06-03 11:27

本文选题：开关磁阻电机 + 直接瞬时转矩控制　；参考：《西华大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：开关磁阻电机(Switched Reluctance Motor,SRM)具有结构简单、起动转矩大、起动电流小、调速性能好等特点。但是由于SRM的双凸极结构以及磁场非线性,使其噪声和转矩脉动都较大,因而其应用范围受到了限制。为此,本文重点研究了开关磁阻电机直接瞬时转矩控制的方法,为了改善开关磁阻电机转矩脉动大的问题,提出了一种改进的转矩分配函数的方法。本文分析了开关磁阻电机基本结构和工作原理,详细介绍了SR电机的数学模型,并对比分析了开关磁阻电机的几种基本控制方法和各方法的优缺点。通过有限元分析结果建立SRM转矩、电流、转子位置角三者之间的关系,为控制方法的研究和系统技术实现奠定基础。其次,详细介绍了开关磁阻电机直接瞬时转矩控制的方法,提出了固定分配函数中的开通角为定值和固定分配函数中的导通角为15度的改进方法,从理论上分析了转矩分配函数两次改进的原理,并分析了改进后的优点,通过Matlab/Simulink仿真模型的搭建和仿真波形的分析,验证了两次改进策略的可行性。本文以一台11kW的3相12/8极开关磁阻电机为实验对象,采用DSP为核心控制板设计控制系统的硬件电路,并搭建实验平台,根据所研究的具体控制方法,设计软件程序,并在硬件平台上实现控制。实验包括电机空载、电机带载、电机变负载等实验,重点测试和分析了电动机电流、转矩、速度波形。实验结果表明,基于改进的转矩分配函数的SRM直接瞬时转矩控制系统在电机的空载、带载和变负载实验中均达到了较好的效果。
[Abstract]:Switched Reluctance Motor (SRM) has the advantages of simple structure, large starting torque, small starting current and good speed regulation performance. However, because of the double salient pole structure and nonlinear magnetic field of SRM, its noise and torque ripple are large, so its application scope is limited. In order to improve the torque ripple of switched reluctance motor (SRM), an improved method of torque distribution function is proposed in order to improve the torque ripple of switched reluctance motor (SRM). In this paper, the basic structure and working principle of SRM are analyzed, the mathematical model of SRM is introduced in detail, and several basic control methods and advantages and disadvantages of SRM are compared and analyzed. The relationship among SRM torque, current and rotor position angle is established by finite element analysis, which lays a foundation for the research of control method and the realization of system technology. Secondly, the method of direct instantaneous torque control for switched reluctance motor is introduced in detail, and an improved method is proposed in which the opening angle in the fixed assignment function is fixed and the conduction angle in the fixed assignment function is 15 degrees. The principle of twice improved torque distribution function is analyzed theoretically, and the advantages of the improved method are analyzed. The feasibility of the twice improved strategy is verified by the construction of Matlab/Simulink simulation model and the analysis of simulation waveform. In this paper, a 3-phase 12 / 8 switched reluctance motor (SRM) of 11kW is used as the experimental object. The hardware circuit of the control system is designed with DSP as the core control board, and the experimental platform is built. According to the specific control methods studied, the software program is designed. The control is realized on the hardware platform. The experiment includes motor no-load, motor with load, motor variable load and so on. The current, torque and velocity waveform of motor are mainly tested and analyzed. The experimental results show that the SRM direct instantaneous torque control system based on the improved torque distribution function achieves good results in the no-load, no-load and variable load experiments of the motor.
【学位授予单位】：西华大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TM352

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