考虑电动汽车的微电网电源优化配置研究

发布时间：2018-06-03 12:16

本文选题：微电网 + 优化配置　；参考：《西华大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：为实现能源的可持续发展和满足社会日益增加的电力需求,分布式电源因其清洁环保、因地制宜发电、减少电能损失和延缓电网线路更新的优点,成为电网供电的重要组成部分。微电网作为分布式电源有效的集中管理方式,得到了各国的重点关注和大力发展。同时,随着电动汽车的逐步发展和普及,通过分布式电源给电动汽车充电,更有利于节能环保和降低损耗。但风电机组和光伏阵列等分布式电源受到气象条件影响较大,并且电动汽车的充电时间和充电量具有随机性。在考虑以上不确定因素的情况下,如何实现微电网的可靠运行和电源的合理优化是微电网研究中的重点。为此,本文主要针对含电动汽车的微电网电源优化配置问题展开研究。具体研究内容如下:(1)建立微电网电源和电动汽车模型。对于微电网中不同类型的分布式电源和电动汽车(electric vehicles,EVs)进行研究分析。根据风力发电机、光伏阵列和蓄电池的工作原理和运行特性建立相关模型;分析电动汽车的充放电特性和针对其运行特点进行负荷模拟,最终建立电动汽车和微电网的全年时序负荷模型。(2)含电动汽车换电站的并网型微电网优化配置研究。针对存在电动汽车换电站(battery swap station,BSS)的并网型风光储微电网,为合理利用大电网资源和考虑到并网型微电网实际运行情况,提出含换电站的微电网并网运行和独立运行策略;以微电源年总经济成本为目标函数,考虑大电网故障下并网型微电网的短时独立可靠运行,计及微电网与大电网的交换功率限制和不同运行策略对蓄电池寿命的影响,采用小生境细菌觅食算法,优化得出不同运行模式下含换电站的微电网电源容量配置方案。根据仿真结果,分析不同微电网运行策略的作用和特点。(3)考虑电动汽车和风光资源不确定性的独立型微电网优化配置研究。针对存在电动汽车的独立型微电网,利用分时电价机制引导和蒙特卡洛方法模拟不同管理模式下的电动汽车负荷,采用场景生成和K均值聚类算法构造风光典型场景集,以等年值成本最优为目标函数,经小生境细菌觅食算法优化得出含EV的微电网电源容量配置方案。根据仿真结果,分析不同能量管理模式对EV用户年充放电成本和微电网等年值成本的影响。
[Abstract]:In order to realize the sustainable development of energy and meet the increasing power demand of the society, distributed power generation has the advantages of clean and environmental protection, generating electricity according to local conditions, reducing power loss and delaying the renewal of power grid lines. It becomes an important part of power supply. As an effective centralized management mode of distributed power generation, microgrid has been paid more attention and developed greatly in many countries. At the same time, with the gradual development and popularization of electric vehicles, it is more beneficial to save energy and environmental protection and reduce the loss by charging electric vehicles with distributed power. However, distributed power sources such as wind turbines and photovoltaic arrays are greatly affected by meteorological conditions, and the charging time and charge quantity of electric vehicles are random. Considering the above uncertain factors, how to realize the reliable operation of microgrid and the reasonable optimization of power supply is the key point in the research of microgrid. Therefore, this paper mainly focuses on the optimization of power supply allocation for micro-grid with electric vehicles. The specific research contents are as follows: 1) establish the model of micro-grid power supply and electric vehicle. The research and analysis of different types of distributed generation and electric vehicle EVss in microgrid are carried out. According to the working principle and operation characteristics of wind turbine, photovoltaic array and battery, the related models are established, and the charge-discharge characteristics of electric vehicle are analyzed and the load simulation is carried out according to its operating characteristics. Finally, the full-year time-series load model of electric vehicle and microgrid is established. The optimal configuration of grid-connected microgrid with electric vehicle replacement power station is studied. Aiming at the grid-connected solar microgrid with battery swap station (BSS), in order to make rational use of large power grid resources and consider the actual operation situation of grid-connected microgrid, this paper puts forward the grid-connected and independent operation strategy of micro-grid with changing power station. Taking the total annual economic cost of micro-power as the objective function, the short-time independent and reliable operation of grid-connected microgrid under the fault of large power grid is considered, and the influence of the exchange power limit between microgrid and large power grid and different operation strategies on battery life is taken into account. By using the niche bacteria foraging algorithm, the configuration scheme of the power supply capacity of the microgrid with different operation modes is obtained. According to the simulation results, the function and characteristics of different microgrid operation strategies are analyzed. Aiming at the independent micro-grid with electric vehicles, the time-sharing pricing mechanism and Monte Carlo method are used to simulate the load of electric vehicles under different management modes, and the scene generation and K-means clustering algorithm are used to construct the typical scene sets. The optimal annual cost is taken as the objective function, and the configuration scheme of power supply capacity of microgrid with EV is obtained through the optimization of niche bacteria foraging algorithm. Based on the simulation results, the effects of different energy management modes on the annual charge / discharge cost of EV users and the annual cost of micro-grid are analyzed.
【学位授予单位】：西华大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TM727

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