混合励磁式无轴承永磁发电机及其预测控制研究

发布时间：2018-06-21 03:35

本文选题：无轴承永磁发电机 + 混合励磁　；参考：《江苏大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：随着工业技术的发展和环境污染问题的加剧,人们对清洁能源的需求与日俱增,其中电能由于经济、安全和生产输送的方便性,成为了社会现代化发展的基石。然而传统的永磁发电机(permanent magnet generator,PMG),不仅存在机械轴承摩擦磨损及寿命短的问题,而且在负载变化的工作状态下还存在气隙磁场难以调节的缺陷,导致动态响应差,影响电能质量和电力系统的稳定性。本文针对上述问题提出一种新型混合励磁式无轴承永磁发电机(hybrid excitation bearingless permanent magnet generator,HEBPMG),该发电机集混合励磁式永磁发电机和磁悬浮轴承优点于一体,在微型电网和并网发电等领域具有潜在的广泛应用前景。本论文在江苏省重点研发计划项目(BE2016150);江苏省“青蓝工程”资助项目(2014)的支持下,围绕HEBPMG的结构特性,运行机理,数学模型及预测直接控制等内容展开研究。主要工作及研究成果如下:1.为解决传统发电机复杂工况下轴承磨损及磁场难以调节的问题,本文提出混合励磁式无轴承永磁发电机,并介绍其结构和运行原理。在此基础上,推导出考虑了转子偏心和洛伦兹力影响的数学模型。2.基于有限元分析软件ANSYS/Maxwell,研究了HEBPMG的气隙磁密分布、悬浮力特性及发电性能,并进行参数设计及分析优化。验证了不同状态下数学模型的准确性,为下文发电机的控制策略的提出提供理论依据。3.针对传统直接转矩控制(direct torque control,DTC)的信号采样时延的问题,结合预测控制的基本理论提出了一种预测直接转矩直接悬浮力的控制策略。根据该控制策略,将HEBPMG系统分为径向位移闭环、转速闭环和发电电压闭环这三部分,并基于绕组磁链观测器及预测器进行系统的预测控制。在预测直接控制框图的基础上,采用Matlab/Simulink软件构建了HEBPMG预测直接控制系统的仿真模型,仿真计算结果验证了该预测控制方法的有效性及可靠性,以及在负载变化的情况下具有较强的鲁棒性。4.依据HEBPMG的工作原理及控制要求,以TMS320F2812为核心设计了HEBPMSG的数字控制系统的软、硬件。通过采集电压、电流、转速和位移等信号,控制发电、励磁和悬浮绕组的工作状态,实现HEBPMSG的稳定悬浮与发电。并在变负载的工况下进行了抗干扰实验,验证了系统的可行性和预测控制的高效性。
[Abstract]:With the development of industrial technology and the aggravation of environmental pollution, the demand for clean energy is increasing day by day, among which electric energy has become the cornerstone of the development of social modernization because of its economy, safety and ease of production and transportation. However, the traditional permanent magnet generator not only has the problems of friction, wear and short life of mechanical bearings, but also has the defects of air gap magnetic field which is difficult to adjust when the load is changing, which leads to poor dynamic response. It affects the power quality and the stability of power system. In this paper, a new hybrid excitation bearingless permanent magnet generator and HEBPMGG generator are presented to solve the above problems. The generator integrates the advantages of hybrid excitation permanent magnet generator and magnetic suspension bearing. It has potential applications in micro power grid and grid-connected power generation. With the support of the key R & D project of Jiangsu Province (BE2016150) and the project "Green Blue Project" of Jiangsu Province (No. 2014), this paper focuses on the structural characteristics, operational mechanism, mathematical model and direct predictive control of HEBPMG. The main work and research results are as follows: 1. In order to solve the problems of bearing wear and magnetic field difficult to adjust under complex working conditions of traditional generator, this paper presents a hybrid excitation type bearingless permanent magnet generator, and introduces its structure and operation principle. On this basis, a mathematical model. 2. 2, which takes into account the effects of rotor eccentricity and Lorentz force, is derived. Based on the finite element analysis software ANSYS / Maxwell, the airgap magnetic density distribution, suspension force characteristics and generation performance of HEBPMG are studied, and the parameters are designed and optimized. The accuracy of the mathematical model under different states is verified, which provides the theoretical basis for the proposed control strategy of the generator below. Aiming at the problem of signal sampling delay of traditional direct torque control (DTC), a predictive direct torque control (DTC) control strategy is proposed based on the basic theory of predictive control. According to the control strategy, the HEBPMG system is divided into three parts: radial displacement closed loop, rotational speed closed loop and generation voltage closed loop, and the predictive control is based on the windings flux observer and predictor. Based on the block diagram of predictive direct control, the simulation model of HEBPMG predictive direct control system is constructed by Matlab / Simulink software. The simulation results verify the effectiveness and reliability of the predictive control method. And has strong robustness. 4. According to the working principle and control requirements of HEBPMG, the hardware and software of the digital control system of HEBPMSG are designed with TMS320F2812 as the core. The stable suspension and generation of HEBPMSG are realized by collecting voltage, current, rotational speed and displacement signals to control the working state of generating, exciting and suspending windings. The anti-jamming experiment is carried out under the condition of variable load, which verifies the feasibility of the system and the high efficiency of predictive control.
【学位授予单位】：江苏大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TM313

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