微电网混合储能系统容量优化

发布时间：2018-06-22 13:49

本文选题：微电网 + 分布式发电　；参考：《太原理工大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：随着全球能源危机和环境问题的日趋严峻,以光伏发电、风力发电为代表的分布式发电迅猛发展。但由于分布式电源的不可控性和随机波动性,使其与大电网之间的融合出现了问题。微电网作为一个小型可控网络,既可以并网运行,也可以孤岛运行,为分布式电源的接入和管理提供了便利。但微电网孤岛运行时,分布式电源的不确定性对其运行稳定性影响较大,微电网系统中引入储能装置可以有效地平抑功率波动,提高系统的供电可靠性和稳定性。由于储能装置的成本高,在满足供电可靠性前提下,合理配置微电网中风、光、储各部分的容量,使微电网各单元经济稳定协调运行,是迫切需要解决的问题。针对以上问题,本文针对独立微电网中风光储优化配置方案进行了研究。研究了微电网中光伏、风电以及储能装置的特性,建立了其出力模型。采用纵向时刻概率分析法来研究分布式发电出力波动特性,该方法基于实测历史数据得到分布式电源出力纵向概率分布,并研究了不同置信度下基于纵向时刻概率特性的分布式发电的日出力曲线,分析了不同时刻和置信度下系统分布式电源可用出力的特性。独立微电网系统中风、光、储各部分容量大小以及各发电单元之间的协调运行对于系统稳定运行影响很大。针对独立微电网系统,充分考虑风光互补特性、不同设备使用年限、安装、维护和更换等费用的影响,结合售电收益与国家发电补贴政策,以全年负荷缺电率为供电可靠性约束,以全寿命周期成本为优化目标的方案,量化风光互补性,以微电网实际安装场地和分布式电源功率等为约束,建立了独立微电网风光储容量优化模型。通过MATLAB编写了独立风光储发电系统容量优化软件,以算例验证了改进方案的正确性和有效性。蓄电池和超级电容器性能和成本不同,充分利用两者的互补特性,根据微电网系统中所需储能功率和储能容量来合理配比二者容量,可以有效降低储能系统的成本,增加设备寿命,提高微电网运行的可靠性、经济性。本文采用微电网混合储能两级优化配置方案,第一级利用独立风光储优化软件计算系统所需储能的功率容量和储能容量;次级优化通过机会约束和遗传算法确定蓄电池和超级电容的容量优化配置。通过算例验证了所提方案的有效性。
[Abstract]:With the global energy crisis and environmental problems becoming more and more serious, distributed power generation, represented by photovoltaic power generation and wind power generation, is developing rapidly. However, due to the uncontrollability and random volatility of distributed power generation, the fusion between distributed generation and large power grid is problematic. As a small controllable network, microgrid can be connected to the grid and can be operated on an isolated island, which provides convenience for the access and management of distributed power generation. However, the uncertainty of distributed generation has a great influence on the stability of microgrid when it operates on isolated islands. The introduction of energy storage device in microgrid system can effectively reduce the power fluctuation and improve the reliability and stability of the power supply system. Due to the high cost of the energy storage device, it is urgent to allocate the capacity of the stroke, light and storage parts of the microgrid reasonably under the premise of satisfying the power supply reliability, and to make the units of the microgrid run economically and harmoniously, which is an urgent problem to be solved. Aiming at the above problems, this paper studies the optimal configuration scheme of wind storage in independent microgrid. The characteristics of photovoltaic, wind power and energy storage devices in microgrid are studied, and the output model is established. The longitudinal moment probability analysis method is used to study the fluctuation characteristics of distributed generation output force. Based on the measured historical data, the longitudinal probability distribution of distributed generation output force is obtained. The daily output curves of distributed generation based on the probability characteristics of longitudinal time under different confidence levels are studied, and the available output characteristics of distributed generation systems at different times and confidence levels are analyzed. The stroke, light, storage capacity of each part of the system and the coordinated operation of each generation unit have great influence on the stable operation of the independent microgrid system. In view of the independent microgrid system, fully considering the complementary characteristics of wind and wind, the influence of different equipment service life, installation, maintenance and replacement costs, combined with the revenue from electricity sales and the national power generation subsidy policy, The power supply reliability constraint is based on the power shortage rate of the whole year load, the scheme with the life cycle cost as the optimization objective, quantifying the complementary scenery, and taking the actual installation site of the micro-grid and the power of the distributed power generation as the constraints, etc. An optimal model for wind storage capacity of independent microgrid is established. The capacity optimization software of independent wind storage power generation system is programmed by MATLAB, and the correctness and effectiveness of the improved scheme are verified by an example. The performance and cost of storage battery and supercapacitor are different. The cost of energy storage system can be effectively reduced by making full use of their complementary characteristics, and according to the energy storage power and energy storage capacity required in microgrid system. Increase equipment life, improve the reliability and economy of microgrid operation. In this paper, a two-stage optimal configuration scheme for hybrid energy storage in microgrid is adopted. In the first stage, the power capacity and energy storage capacity of the system are calculated by using the independent wind storage optimization software. Secondary optimization determines the optimal configuration of storage battery and super capacitor capacity by chance constraint and genetic algorithm. The effectiveness of the proposed scheme is verified by an example.
【学位授予单位】：太原理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TM727

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