考虑环境效益的虚拟发电厂运行策略研究

发布时间：2018-06-24 01:36

本文选题：虚拟发电厂 + 模糊优化　；参考：《华北电力大学(北京)》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：长期以来,世界范围内对化石能源过度的利用,导致目前世界各国均面临着严峻的能源危机和环境问题,这些问题不仅制约着社会和经济的发展,如果不得到妥善处理,还将严重威胁人类生存。面对严峻的形势,我国提出大力实施“一带一路”和“全球能源互联网”战略,电气化和清洁化成为了全球性能源发展的主流趋势,加快电网互联和网架建设,积极推进特高压电网建设,促进智能电网的不断完善,不断推进“两个替代”,充分利用我国风能和太阳能,提高新能源的渗透率,减少“三北”地区的弃风弃光现象,减少传统排污系数大的火电机组的排污量,实现环境效益的提升,实现用能与环境的兼顾和可持续发展。本文首先针对新能源消纳能力方面进行研究,对电网的风-光消纳能力进行优化,建立了以发电经济成本、新能源消纳量和污染物排放量为目标函数的多目标优化调度模型,提出商业化激励强度、新能源渗透率和减排清洁改变量三个评价指标对模型的优化结果进行评估,实现降低发电成本,提高新能源发电消纳能力以及显著减少污染物排放量的目的。随后,本文引入虚拟发电厂概念,由于其能够有效统筹、整合各类分布式能源和需求侧资源,减小新能源出力的随机性和波动性。本文还构建了考虑环境效益含小型的风电场、燃气轮机、可中断负荷和抽水蓄能电站构成的虚拟发电厂模糊优化决策模型,采用多场景法处理日前电价和风电出力的不确定性,以商业型虚拟发电厂收益和环境效益为优化目标,引入模糊满意度理论处理目标函数,应用熵权理论简化模型,得到最优的调度决策方案,实现兼顾虚拟发电厂收益最大和环境效益最优的目标。算例结果表明本文提出的多目标模糊优化调度模型,采用多场景法处理日前市场电价和风电出力的不确定性,引入最大满意度指标,运用模糊满意度理论和熵权理论能够有效简化相互矛盾的多目标模型的复杂程度,将非线性多目标问题单目标线性化,得到优化决策模型的最佳方案。模型能够统筹兼顾发电成本的经济性、新能源消纳量和污染物排放量的环境效益,引导发电企业节能化、低污染化,提高新能源利用率。决策者可根据具体情况调整优化模型的偏好,面对实际情况可以增减本文优化模型内部单元和约束条件,对虚拟发电厂日前调度提供参考,为电力节能减排和可持续发展战略提供借鉴和参考。
[Abstract]:For a long time, the excessive use of fossil energy in the world has led to the severe energy crisis and environmental problems facing all countries in the world at present. These problems not only restrict the social and economic development, but also, if not properly dealt with, It will also pose a serious threat to the survival of mankind. Facing the severe situation, our country puts forward the strategy of "Belt and Road" and "Global Energy Internet", electrification and cleanliness become the mainstream trend of global energy development, and speed up the interconnection of power grid and the construction of grid frame. Actively promoting the construction of the UHV power grid, promoting the continuous improvement of the smart grid, continuously promoting "two alternatives", making full use of wind and solar energy in China, increasing the permeability of new energy sources, and reducing the phenomenon of abandoned wind and light in the "three north" areas, To reduce the amount of sewage discharged by traditional thermal power units with large discharge coefficient, to improve the environmental efficiency, to realize the consideration of energy use and environment and to achieve sustainable development. In this paper, firstly, the new energy consumption capacity is studied, and the wind-light absorption capacity of the power network is optimized, and a multi-objective optimal dispatching model is established, which takes the economic cost of power generation, the amount of new energy consumption and the pollutant emission as the objective function. The commercial incentive intensity, the new energy permeability and the clean change of emission reduction are proposed to evaluate the optimization results of the model, so as to reduce the cost of power generation. The purpose of improving the absorption capacity of new energy generation and significantly reducing pollutant emissions. Then, this paper introduces the concept of virtual power plant, because it can effectively coordinate, integrate all kinds of distributed energy and demand-side resources, reduce the randomness and volatility of new energy output. In this paper, a fuzzy optimal decision model of a virtual power plant, which includes small wind farm, gas turbine, interruptible load and pumped-storage power station, is constructed. The multi-scene method is used to deal with the uncertainty of pre-day electricity price and wind power generation. Taking the profit and environmental benefit of the commercial virtual power plant as the optimization objective, the fuzzy satisfaction theory is introduced to deal with the objective function, and the entropy weight theory is applied to simplify the model, and the optimal scheduling decision scheme is obtained. The goal of taking into account the maximum revenue and the optimal environmental benefit of the virtual power plant is achieved. The simulation results show that the multi-objective fuzzy optimal scheduling model proposed in this paper adopts the multi-scene method to deal with the uncertainty of electricity price and wind power in the pre-day market, and introduces the maximum satisfaction index. The fuzzy satisfaction theory and entropy weight theory can effectively simplify the complexity of the contradictory multi-objective model, linearize the nonlinear multi-objective problem with single objective, and obtain the optimal scheme of the optimal decision model. The model can take into account the economy of power generation cost, the environmental benefit of new energy consumption and pollutant emission, and guide power generation enterprises to save energy, reduce pollution and improve the utilization rate of new energy. The decision maker can adjust the preference of the optimization model according to the specific situation, and in the face of the actual situation, can add or decrease the internal units and constraints of the optimization model in this paper, and provide a reference for the pre-day dispatching of the virtual power plant. It provides reference and reference for energy saving and emission reduction and sustainable development strategy of electric power.
【学位授予单位】：华北电力大学(北京)
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TM73;TM62

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