基于灵敏度的主动配电网无功电压控制策略

发布时间：2018-06-26 03:07

本文选题：主动配电网 + 分布式能源　；参考：《西南交通大学》2016年硕士论文

【摘要】：随着高渗透率分布式能源(distributed energy resource, DER)接入,主动配电网是智能电网发展的必然趋势,其无功电压控制和优化调度是智能配电网研究的热门方向。在主动配电网的框架下,DER参与智能配电网的运行和控制,不再像传统配网一样进行被动式的消纳。分布式发电(Distributed Generation, DG),可控负荷,储能单元等将配合电容和变压器这些传统的调控方式进行电网的优化调度,维持电网的稳定、安全、经济运行。为了解决高渗透率DER接入对电网稳定性和经济性所造成的冲击,本文研究多类型DER之间以及DER与传统的电容器、变压器之间的协调配合,确定了优化调控策略指导系统的最优化潮流分布,完成稳定系统电压,减小网络损耗的要求。本文着重对主动配电网框架下的电压网损优化进行研究,主要的成果如下：(1)为了详细分析不同调控方式间的相互影响机理,本文采用了灵敏度法通过计算各个节点的灵敏度矩阵详细研究了DG、电容器、变压器等各种控制手段对节点电压和线路网损造成的影响,以及各种控制手段之间的相互影响。(2)提出了多类型调节方式参与下的主动配电网无功电压控制策略。策略中研究了光伏、燃料电池、风电的输出模型,根据它们的控制原理加入了惩罚因子对不同的调控方式进行统一协调管理。灵敏度的指导作用对DG利用效率以及网络无功的合理分布具有重要意义,策略以灵敏度作为指导,协调控制可控单元对配电网进行无功优化。在灵敏度的范畴内,加入了权重因子协调电压灵敏度和网损灵敏度,解决了电压和网损间不同量纲如何统一协调的问题,在不同工况下(电压越上限和越下限工况)指导策略对电压或者网损进行优先优化。(3)针对控制策略,在对比智能优化算法中进行效率上和收敛结果上的改进。根据电压灵敏度、网损灵敏度给出了控制变量调节的定量计算方法；根据调控方式的无功调节效率给出了协调不同类型调控方式的惩罚因子；根据多次仿真实验结果定量协调电压灵敏度和网损灵敏度的权重因子。最后基于灵敏度法提出了收敛速度快且收敛结果较优的主动配电网无功电压控制策略,通过对比智能优化算法的仿真算例验证了本文所提出策略的优越性和适用性。
[Abstract]:With the access of high permeability distributed energy (distributed energy resource, der, active distribution network is the inevitable trend of smart grid development. Reactive power and voltage control and optimal dispatching are the hot research directions of smart distribution network. Under the framework of active distribution network, der participates in the operation and control of smart distribution network, so it is no longer passive as traditional distribution network. Distributed generation (DG), controllable load, energy storage unit and so on will cooperate with capacitors and transformers to optimize and dispatch the power grid and maintain the stability, safety and economic operation of the network. In order to solve the impact of high permeability der access on the stability and economy of power network, this paper studies the coordination between multiple types of der and traditional capacitors and transformers. The optimal power flow distribution is determined to stabilize the system voltage and reduce the network loss. This paper focuses on the optimization of voltage loss in the framework of active distribution network. The main results are as follows: (1) in order to analyze the interaction mechanism of different regulation modes in detail, In this paper, the sensitivity method is used to calculate the sensitivity matrix of each node. The effects of DG, capacitor, transformer and other control methods on the node voltage and line network loss are studied in detail. And the interaction between various control methods. (2) the reactive power and voltage control strategy of active distribution network is proposed. The output models of photovoltaic, fuel cell and wind power are studied in the strategy. According to their control principle, penalty factors are added to coordinate the different control modes. The guidance of sensitivity plays an important role in DG utilization efficiency and the rational distribution of reactive power in the network. The strategy is guided by sensitivity and coordinated control of controllable units to optimize reactive power in distribution network. In the sensitivity category, the weight factor is added to coordinate the voltage sensitivity and the network loss sensitivity, which solves the problem of how to coordinate the different dimensions between voltage and loss. Under different operating conditions (voltage over upper limit and beyond lower limit), the strategy is used to optimize the voltage or network loss first. (3) the efficiency and convergence results of the intelligent optimization algorithm are improved in comparison with the control strategy. According to the voltage sensitivity, the sensitivity of network loss, the quantitative calculation method of control variable regulation is given, and the penalty factor of coordinating different types of regulation mode is given according to the reactive power regulation efficiency of the control mode. The weight factors of voltage sensitivity and loss sensitivity are quantitatively coordinated according to the results of multiple simulation experiments. Finally, based on the sensitivity method, the reactive power and voltage control strategy of active distribution network with fast convergence speed and better convergence result is proposed. The superiority and applicability of the proposed strategy are verified by a simulation example of the intelligent optimization algorithm.
【学位授予单位】：西南交通大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：TM761.1

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