基于TSF的SRM直接瞬时转矩控制系统研究

发布时间：2018-07-22 12:33

【摘要】：开关磁阻电机(Switched Reluctance Motor,SRM)定转子结构简单、机械强度高、绕组各相相互独立工作,具有起动电流小、起动转矩大、容错运行等优异性能,近年来受到广泛关注,并正逐步应用于电动汽车、工业自动化、航天器械等市场领域,特别是国内新能源电动汽车的大力推广,为SRM的应用提供了广阔的前景。但由于其定转子双凸极结构和非线性的电磁转矩特性,导致其转矩脉动大、噪音大,限制了其在对噪音和转矩脉动要求较高场合的应用。为减小转矩脉动,提高系统的整体效率,本文提出了一种基于转矩分配函数(Torque Sharing Function,TSF)的直接瞬时转矩控制策略。首先介绍了 SRM的特点,阐述了其存在的问题、转矩脉动优化控制方面的研究现状,并分析了其基本工作原理、数学方程。通过综合对比分析建模方法,给出了本文采用的离线堵转磁链测量和转矩测量建模方法,然后根据测量样机得到的转矩、磁链特性表,对SRM进行非线性数学建模。其次,介绍了 SRM的三种基本控制方式、电机的运行特性以及给出了典型的余弦型TSF理论分析,并对换向区的转矩塌陷问题进行了理论分析。在此基础上提出了基于TSF的直接瞬时转矩控制方法,在Matlab/Simulink环境下搭建了系统仿真图,并对电流斩波控制策略下的转矩脉动和电流波形进行了对比分析,验证了基于TSF的直接瞬时转矩控制策略的正确性。最后,本文设计了 SRM调速系统的功率变换器、控制电路、驱动电路、电流检测电路以及位置检测电路,搭建了一台15KW三相12/8极SRM控制系统实验测试平台,给出了软件设计的流程,并对影响系统关键的程序进行了详细的设计,接着对整套控制系统进行了调速和负载测试,然后对本文提出的控制算法进行了实验验证。结果表明,本文提出的基于TSF的直接瞬时转矩控制策略对转矩脉动优化和提高系统的运行效率具有一定的有效性和可行性。
[Abstract]:Switched reluctance Motor (SRM) has many advantages, such as simple structure, high mechanical strength, independent operation of each phase of winding, low starting current, large starting torque, fault-tolerant operation and so on. And it is gradually applied to electric vehicles, industrial automation, aerospace equipment and other market fields, especially the vigorously promotion of new energy electric vehicles in China, which provides a broad prospect for the application of SRM. However, due to its doubly salient structure and nonlinear electromagnetic torque characteristics, its torque ripple is large and its noise is large, which limits its application in high demand for noise and torque ripple. In order to reduce torque ripple and improve the overall efficiency of the system, a direct instantaneous torque control strategy based on torque sharing function (TSF) is proposed in this paper. Firstly, the characteristics of SRM are introduced, the existing problems and the research status of torque ripple optimization control are described, and the basic working principle and mathematical equation are analyzed. Based on the comprehensive comparison and analysis of modeling methods, this paper presents the off-line turbo flux measurement and torque measurement modeling methods, and then carries out nonlinear mathematical modeling of SRM according to the torque and flux characteristic table obtained from the measuring prototype. Secondly, three basic control methods of SRM are introduced, the operating characteristics of the motor and the theoretical analysis of typical cosine TSF are given, and the problem of torque collapse in commutating region is analyzed theoretically. On this basis, a direct instantaneous torque control method based on TSF is proposed. The system simulation diagram is built in Matlab / Simulink environment, and the torque ripple and current waveform under the current chopping control strategy are compared and analyzed. The correctness of direct instantaneous torque control strategy based on TSF is verified. Finally, the power converter, control circuit, drive circuit, current detection circuit and position detection circuit of SRM speed regulation system are designed, and an experimental test platform of 15KW three-phase 12 / 8 pole SRM control system is built. The flow chart of the software design is given, and the key program of the system is designed in detail. Then, the speed regulation and load test of the whole control system are carried out, and the control algorithm proposed in this paper is verified by experiment. The results show that the proposed direct instantaneous torque control strategy based on TSF is effective and feasible to optimize torque ripple and improve the efficiency of the system.
【学位授予单位】：大连海事大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TM352

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