基于多目标布谷鸟算法的风光水联合调度研究

发布时间：2018-08-14 15:47

【摘要】：随着风能、太阳能大规模接入电网后,其具有的随机性、出力波动大等特点,给电力系统带来了许多新的挑战。如何高效利用这些新能源同时减少对电网的影响,受到国内外学者的广泛关注。大规模梯级水电站接入系统不仅可以为系统提供充足的电力支持,还可以利用其水电机组的启停迅速、运行灵活等优点来满足系统快速调峰的要求,为新能源的接入打下基础。但是梯级水电具有复杂的上下级耦合关系,这给建模及求解都带来了困难。综上所述,在考虑各种电源特点的前提下,如何制定合理的多电源调度策略,寻求到合适的求解复杂模型的方法,是亟需解决的问题。本文以风电、光伏、梯级水电站作为研究对象。首先阐述了各自的发展现状以及多种电源联合调度的意义。接着,研究现有调度模型的求解算法,提出了改进的多目标布谷鸟算法,采用模糊决策模型作为多目标的决策方法。其次,分别建立了梯级水电站多目标长期调度模型和风、光、梯级水电站短期联合调度模型。最后,通过实例验证本文所提算法与模型的准确性与可行性。算例分析结果表明:在梯级水电站多目标优化调度模型中,以梯级水电站年发电量最大和保证出力最大为目标,用改进多目标布谷鸟算法进行模型求解,得到了一组分布均匀的非劣调度方案集,通过模糊决策模型选出了一个折中解,得到各水电站发电用水过程;在风、光、梯级水电站多电源联合调度模型中,以剩余负荷峰谷差最小和剩余负荷波动最小为目标,结果表明梯级水电站的引入能有效降低负荷峰谷差,使分配给其他电源的剩余负荷过程尽量平稳,以保证电网和电站安全经济运行,提高电网接纳新能源的能力。
[Abstract]:With the wind and solar energy being connected to the power grid on a large scale, it has the characteristics of randomness and large force fluctuation, which brings a lot of new challenges to the power system. How to make efficient use of these new energy sources and reduce the impact on the power grid has attracted extensive attention from domestic and foreign scholars. Large-scale cascade hydropower station access system can not only provide sufficient power support for the system, but also make use of the advantages of its hydropower units to start and stop quickly and operate flexibly to meet the requirements of rapid peak shaving system, and lay the foundation for the access of new energy sources. However, cascade hydropower has complex coupling between upper and lower levels, which brings difficulties to modeling and solving. In conclusion, on the premise of considering the characteristics of various kinds of power supply, how to formulate reasonable multi-power scheduling strategy and find a suitable method to solve the complex model is an urgent problem to be solved. In this paper, wind power, photovoltaic, cascade hydropower stations as research object. First of all, the development status of each and the significance of joint dispatch of various kinds of power supply are described. Then, the algorithm of solving the existing scheduling model is studied, and an improved multi-objective cuckoo algorithm is proposed. The fuzzy decision model is used as the multi-objective decision method. Secondly, the multi-objective long-term operation model and the short-term combined operation model of wind, light and cascade hydropower stations are established respectively. Finally, an example is given to verify the accuracy and feasibility of the proposed algorithm and model. The result of example analysis shows that in the multi-objective optimal dispatching model of cascade hydropower stations, the model is solved by using the improved multi-objective cuckoo algorithm, aiming at the maximum annual output and the maximum guaranteed output of cascade hydropower stations. A set of non-inferior dispatching schemes with uniform distribution is obtained, a compromise solution is selected by fuzzy decision model, and the process of generating water for each hydropower station is obtained. Aiming at the minimum residual load peak and valley difference and the minimum residual load fluctuation, the results show that the introduction of cascade hydropower stations can effectively reduce the load peak and valley difference and make the process of remaining load allocated to other power sources as smooth as possible. In order to ensure the safe and economical operation of the power grid and power plant, improve the ability of the grid to accept new energy.
【学位授予单位】：西安理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TM73

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