太阳能电池板火灾危险性的实验研究
发布时间：2018-10-30 14:44
【摘要】：为了缓解日益紧张的能源紧张问题,德国、美国等国家相继推广了光伏并网发电系统,我国也在推行西部太阳能发电工程。太阳能发电系统的应用日趋普遍,但太阳能电池板长期工作在暴晒环境中,容易老化,存在火灾隐患。光伏发电日渐越普及,从人口稀疏地区向人口密集区延伸,由光伏发电站向光伏建筑一体化发展,太阳能电池火灾将直接威胁生命安全,光伏火灾的研究也迫在眉睫。目前对太阳能电池板的火灾危险性研究很少,本文通过分析光伏火灾案例及相关文献总结出引发光伏火灾的两个主要原因： (1)电弧故障(2)自燃。同时,光伏火灾“霸占”天台等救援通道,有可能诱发消防人员触电。太阳能电池组件的安全性能测试一般根据IEC 61215:2005、IEC 61730—2:2004、UL 1703:20043种光伏组件测试标准进行,本文对三种标准进行了对比分析。实验部分,本研究选择市场上应用普遍的多晶硅太阳能电池板作为实验材料,在锥形量热仪平台上进行了28kW/m2、30kW/m2、35 kW/m2、40 kW/m2和45 kW/m2五种辐射强度下电池板的燃烧实验,对实验数据分析获得了着火时间(TTI)、临界辐射热流(CHR)、热释放速率(HRR)、质量损失速率(MLR)等多个参数,并运用Petrella评价体系对太阳能电池组件的热危险性和烟气毒性进行了评价。文章通过理论分析和实验验证得出电池板为热厚型材料,运用Petrella评价体系分析得出电池板在30kW/m2及其以下的辐射强度下闪燃的危险性低,而在35-45kW/m2的辐射强度下闪燃危险性为中等。另外,电池板的总热释放量在38-57kW/m2之间,处于Petrella评价体系中的中等危险程度。实际上,被广泛应用于发电站及屋顶上的大型电池板的厚度是实验用电池板厚度的5-10倍,且屋顶火灾的火焰温度在800-900 ℃当火势蔓延至整个房屋时,火焰温度达到900-1000℃,即日常火灾中的火焰辐射强度远大于实验中的外加辐射强度。所以,在实际火灾中电池板的总热释放量也将远远大于实验值。实验表明,电池板产生的气体毒性可以忽略。另外,本文还对太阳能电池板中的主要可燃材料EVA进行了火灾危险性的实验研究。根据实验结果,从热危险性和气体毒性两个方面对EVA的火灾危险性进行了评价,并与太阳能电池板的危险性进行了对比。
[Abstract]:In order to alleviate the increasingly tense energy shortage, Germany, the United States and other countries have promoted photovoltaic grid-connected power generation system, and our country is also carrying out the western solar power generation project. The application of solar power generation system is becoming more and more common, but solar panels work in the environment of exposure for a long time. Photovoltaic power generation is becoming more and more popular, from sparsely populated areas to densely populated areas, from photovoltaic power station to photovoltaic building integration development, solar cell fire will directly threaten the safety of life, photovoltaic fire research is imminent. At present, there are few researches on the fire hazard of solar panels. Through the analysis of photovoltaic fire cases and related literature, two main causes of photovoltaic fire are summarized: (1) arc fault (2) spontaneous combustion. At the same time, photovoltaic fire "occupy" rooftop and other rescue channels, may induce electric shock fire personnel. The safety performance test of solar cell module is generally carried out according to IEC 61215: 2005 IEC61730-2: 2004 UL 1703: 20043 kinds of photovoltaic module test standards. In the experiment part, the polysilicon solar panel which is widely used in the market is selected as the experimental material. The combustion experiments were carried out on the platform of cone calorimeter under five radiation intensities of 28kW / m2 30kW / m2 35 kW/m2,40 kW/m2 and 45 kW/m2. The critical radiation heat flux (CHR),) of (TTI), for ignition time was obtained by analyzing the experimental data. Thermal release rate (HRR), mass loss rate (MLR), and so on. The thermal hazard and smoke toxicity of solar cell modules were evaluated by Petrella evaluation system. Through theoretical analysis and experimental verification, it is concluded that the panel is a heat thick material. The Petrella evaluation system is used to analyze the risk of the panel flashover under the radiation intensity of 30kW/m2 and below. The flashover hazard is moderate at the radiation intensity of 35-45kW/m2. In addition, the total heat release of the panel was between 38-57kW/m2 and the moderate risk in the Petrella evaluation system. In fact, large panels that are widely used in power stations and roofs are five to 10 times thicker than experimental panels, and the flame temperature of a roof fire is between 800 and 900 鈩，
本文编号：2300292
[Abstract]:In order to alleviate the increasingly tense energy shortage, Germany, the United States and other countries have promoted photovoltaic grid-connected power generation system, and our country is also carrying out the western solar power generation project. The application of solar power generation system is becoming more and more common, but solar panels work in the environment of exposure for a long time. Photovoltaic power generation is becoming more and more popular, from sparsely populated areas to densely populated areas, from photovoltaic power station to photovoltaic building integration development, solar cell fire will directly threaten the safety of life, photovoltaic fire research is imminent. At present, there are few researches on the fire hazard of solar panels. Through the analysis of photovoltaic fire cases and related literature, two main causes of photovoltaic fire are summarized: (1) arc fault (2) spontaneous combustion. At the same time, photovoltaic fire "occupy" rooftop and other rescue channels, may induce electric shock fire personnel. The safety performance test of solar cell module is generally carried out according to IEC 61215: 2005 IEC61730-2: 2004 UL 1703: 20043 kinds of photovoltaic module test standards. In the experiment part, the polysilicon solar panel which is widely used in the market is selected as the experimental material. The combustion experiments were carried out on the platform of cone calorimeter under five radiation intensities of 28kW / m2 30kW / m2 35 kW/m2,40 kW/m2 and 45 kW/m2. The critical radiation heat flux (CHR),) of (TTI), for ignition time was obtained by analyzing the experimental data. Thermal release rate (HRR), mass loss rate (MLR), and so on. The thermal hazard and smoke toxicity of solar cell modules were evaluated by Petrella evaluation system. Through theoretical analysis and experimental verification, it is concluded that the panel is a heat thick material. The Petrella evaluation system is used to analyze the risk of the panel flashover under the radiation intensity of 30kW/m2 and below. The flashover hazard is moderate at the radiation intensity of 35-45kW/m2. In addition, the total heat release of the panel was between 38-57kW/m2 and the moderate risk in the Petrella evaluation system. In fact, large panels that are widely used in power stations and roofs are five to 10 times thicker than experimental panels, and the flame temperature of a roof fire is between 800 and 900 鈩，
本文编号：2300292
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