基于PSO的风电并网无功优化研究

发布时间：2018-11-03 10:59

【摘要】：随着国家进行能源结构优化和绿色发展转型,新能源发电比重快速增加。新能源接入传统的电力网络后将会使原有配电网络的潮流发生变化,不但会降低电网的供电可靠性,而且还会对电力系统的安全经济运行产生重要影响。无功功率的合理分布是改善电压水平和降低网络有功损耗的不可或缺的前提条件,因此,对含新能源并网的无功优化课题进行深入研究,对电网的设计规划、优化改善、解决实际运行问题有着重要的指导性作用。本文首先针对新能源的基本特点和发展现状,介绍了新能源并网对接入配电网潮流、系统支路总损耗以及节点电压的影响。根据新能源电源并网的类型及其等效模型,本文还对风机发电和光伏发电这两个典型的新能源电源建立了随机特性模型,并使用改进型的前推回代牛顿拉夫逊解潮流计算方法,在仿真软件matlab中对IEEE30节点系统中进行了仿真,验证了新能源并网对网损以及电压水平的影响。基于新能源并网对网损以及电压的影响,本论文介绍了利用粒子群优化算法(PSO)算法求得最优值的步骤,通过对标准粒子群算法进行改进,克服了原有算法中存在的收敛精度缺陷。同时以网络损耗最小以及负荷节点上的电压分布明显提高作为优化的目标函数,考虑功率平衡和相关变量约束条件,建立了无功优化模型。并在仿真软件matlab中对IEEE9节点、30节点、39节点和57节点测试系统进行了仿真分析,验证了PSO算法的优化效果。仿真结果表明,采用本文所提出的无功优化方法后,电力系统的无功得到了合理的调配,新能源并网后的电压质量得到极大改善,并克服了新能源并网后存在的不稳定问题,取得了更好的经济效益。
[Abstract]:With the national energy structure optimization and green development transformation, the proportion of new energy power generation is increasing rapidly. After the new energy is connected to the traditional power network, the power flow of the original distribution network will change, which will not only reduce the power supply reliability of the power network, but also have an important impact on the safe and economic operation of the power system. The rational distribution of reactive power is an indispensable prerequisite to improve the voltage level and reduce the active power loss of the network. It is very important to solve the practical operation problem. In this paper, according to the basic characteristics and development status of new energy, the influence of new energy connection on power flow, total loss of system branch and node voltage is introduced in this paper. According to the type and equivalent model of new energy power supply, the stochastic characteristic model of two typical new energy sources, fan power generation and photovoltaic power generation, is established in this paper, and the improved forward pushback Newton Raphson method is used to calculate the power flow. The IEEE30 node system is simulated in the simulation software matlab, which verifies the influence of the new energy grid connection on the network loss and voltage level. Based on the influence of new energy grid connection on network loss and voltage, this paper introduces the steps of using particle swarm optimization (PSO) algorithm to obtain the optimal value, and improves the standard particle swarm optimization algorithm. It overcomes the shortcoming of convergence precision in the original algorithm. At the same time, taking the minimum network loss and the obvious increase of voltage distribution on load node as the objective function of optimization, considering the power balance and constraints of relevant variables, the reactive power optimization model is established. The test system of IEEE9 nodes, 30 nodes, 39 nodes and 57 nodes is simulated and analyzed in the simulation software matlab, which verifies the optimization effect of the PSO algorithm. The simulation results show that with the proposed reactive power optimization method, the reactive power of the power system is reasonably allocated, the voltage quality is greatly improved after the new energy is connected to the grid, and the instability problem after the new energy is connected to the grid is overcome. Better economic benefits have been achieved.
【学位授予单位】：吉林大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TM614;TM714.3

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