暂态行波信息融合的输电线路故障定位方法研究

发布时间：2018-11-26 13:11

【摘要】：可靠、快速、准确的故障定位对于故障及时排除、恢复供电具有重要意义,一直以来都是国内外的研究热点和难点问题。相比于基于稳态量的故障定位方法,基于暂态量的故障定位方法定位精度更高,近年来随着信号处理技术、计算机技术和硬件技术的发展,故障高频暂态信息的获取和分析已经切实可行,基于暂态量的故障定位方法研究方兴未艾。本文首先简要介绍了国内外故障定位方法的研究现状,分析了各种定位原理和方法的优点和不足;然后介绍了故障定位理论基础,分析了故障暂态行波在输电线路上的折反射规律和衰减现象等传输特性,研究了影响初始行波幅值的主要因素;接着利用小波分析提取故障特征量,并将细节系数的模极大值作为初始行波幅值的表征量;最后结合信息融合理论提出适用于输电线路的故障定位方法——在数据层融合中,对测量点采集的数据进行相模变换和小波分析,提取故障行波零模和线模电压的细节系数模极大值作为故障特征量;特征层融合包括两个部分,一是提出故障区段定位方法,根据线路拓扑结构设计滤波器组过滤故障特征量,二是通过神经网络实现单端模量时差法确定可能的故障位置;在决策层融合中提出基于单端模量时差法的双端故障定位方法,分析利用特征层融合上传的决策结果,实现故障的精确定位。本文在PSCAD/EMTDC软件中搭建了IEEE 14-Bus System和IEEE 30-Bus System仿真模型,进行了大量的仿真验证,利用MATLAB软件编程实现故障定位方法,仿真结果表明所提方法具有较高的故障定位精度。
[Abstract]:Reliable, fast and accurate fault location is of great significance for timely troubleshooting and restoring power supply. It has always been a hot and difficult problem in domestic and international research. Compared with the fault location method based on steady-state quantity, the fault location method based on transient quantity has higher accuracy. In recent years, with the development of signal processing technology, computer technology and hardware technology, The acquisition and analysis of fault high frequency transient information is feasible, and the research of fault location method based on transient quantity is in the ascendant. Firstly, this paper briefly introduces the research status of fault location methods at home and abroad, and analyzes the advantages and disadvantages of various positioning principles and methods. Then, the basic theory of fault location is introduced, and the transmission characteristics of transient traveling wave on transmission line are analyzed, and the main factors influencing the amplitude of initial traveling wave are studied. Then wavelet analysis is used to extract the fault feature, and the modulus maximum of the detail coefficient is used as the representation of the initial traveling wave amplitude. Finally, combining with information fusion theory, a fault location method suitable for transmission line is proposed. In data layer fusion, phase mode transform and wavelet analysis are applied to the data collected from measurement points. The detail coefficients of the zero-mode and line-mode voltage of the fault traveling wave are extracted as the fault characteristics. The feature layer fusion includes two parts: first, the fault section location method is proposed, the filter bank filter fault characteristic quantity is designed according to the line topology structure; the other is the single end modulus moveout method is used to determine the possible fault location through neural network. In decision level fusion, a two-terminal fault location method based on single-end modulus moveout method is proposed, and the decision results uploaded by feature layer fusion are analyzed to achieve accurate fault location. In this paper, the simulation models of IEEE 14-Bus System and IEEE 30-Bus System are built in PSCAD/EMTDC software, and a lot of simulation results are carried out. The method of fault location is programmed by MATLAB software. The simulation results show that the proposed method has high accuracy of fault location.
【学位授予单位】：中国矿业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：TM755

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