新型双稳态电磁式能量捕获装置设计与试验

发布时间：2018-11-26 18:22

【摘要】：环境中的振动一般都会利用减震器等设备进行消耗,如果能将振动能量进行收集用于发电或为小型设备供电具有极大的运用前景。鉴于振动能量捕获技术正在向着低频、宽频和高输出特性的综合方向发展。因此,本文设计一种能够在低频环境下工作的新型双稳态电磁式振动能量捕获装置。主要研究内容如下:将质量—非线性弹簧—阻尼系统与双稳态系统相结合,提出了附加非线性振子双稳态电磁式振动能量捕获器,建立系统的力学模型及控制方程,利用谐波平衡法获得了双稳态发电振子处于高能轨道的解析解表达式,借助数值仿真研究了简谐激励下质量比和调频比发生变化时,系统的发电性能,并获得了该系统发电性能最佳的参数配合范围μ =[0.8-3]和f=[π/10-π/3]。采用两项式谐波平衡法,研究在较大激励下超谐波响应对非线性振动系统的影响,获得了系统在简谐激励下产生大幅运动的基谐波和超谐波响应的解析解,同时利用MATLAB进行数值仿真分析,获得了系统结构参数的最佳配置范围,且当外部激励频率处于低频段时,系统发电主要表现为超谐波发电,随着激励频率的增大,系统发电主要呈现基谐波发电。自行制作试验样机,通过实验分析了在简谐激励下,系统激励频率、激励幅值、质量比和调频比对响应特性的影响,证明了该装置适合低频激励下发电,且带宽较大;随着激励幅值的增大,系统具有较高的能量越过势垒做大幅运动,输出电压较高;随着调频比和质量比的增大,系统做大幅运动的幅值也在逐渐增大,输出电压逐渐增大,实验结果与理论分析相吻合。上述工作,较为全面地获得了附加非线性振子双稳态能量捕获器的动力学和发电特性。本文结论为指导双稳态能量捕获器结构设计和优化提供了一定的理论基础。
[Abstract]:Vibration in the environment is usually consumed by devices such as shock absorbers. If vibration energy can be collected for power generation or power supply for small equipment, it will have a great application prospect. In view of the vibration energy capture technology is developing towards the integration of low frequency, wide band and high output characteristics. Therefore, a new bistable electromagnetic vibration energy capture device is designed. The main research contents are as follows: by combining mass-nonlinear spring-damping system with bistable system, a bistable electromagnetic vibration energy trap with nonlinear oscillator is proposed, and the mechanical model and control equation of the system are established. The analytical solution of the bistable oscillator in high energy orbit is obtained by using the harmonic balance method. The power generation performance of the system is studied by numerical simulation when the mass ratio and the FM ratio change under the simple harmonic excitation. The optimal parameters of the system are obtained: 渭 = [0.8-3] and f = [蟺 / 10- 蟺 / 3]. By using the two-term harmonic balance method, the influence of the hyperharmonic response on the nonlinear vibration system under large excitation is studied, and the analytical solutions of the fundamental harmonic and the super harmonic response of the system under the simple harmonic excitation are obtained. At the same time, the optimal configuration range of system structural parameters is obtained by numerical simulation with MATLAB. When the external excitation frequency is in the low frequency range, the power generation of the system is mainly super harmonic generation, with the increase of the excitation frequency. System power generation mainly presents basic harmonic generation. The effect of the system excitation frequency, excitation amplitude, mass ratio and FM ratio on the response characteristics of the system under simple harmonic excitation is analyzed. It is proved that the device is suitable for generating electricity under low frequency excitation and has a large bandwidth. With the increase of the excitation amplitude, the system has higher energy to move over the barrier and the output voltage is higher. With the increase of FM ratio and mass ratio, the amplitude and output voltage of the system are increasing. The experimental results are in agreement with the theoretical analysis. The dynamic and generation characteristics of the bistable energy trap with nonlinear oscillator are obtained. The conclusion provides a theoretical basis for the structure design and optimization of the bistable energy trap.
【学位授予单位】：西安理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TM619

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