计及分布式电源的配电系统综合优化配置方法的研究

发布时间：2018-12-21 17:33

【摘要】：面临着当前能源形势和生存环境的双重压力下,人们开始不断寻求能源与环境问题的解决方法,其中分布式新能源发电由于采用清洁可再生能源作为其一级能源,具有可再生、无污染等优点,因而,分布式发电技术的发展受到世界各国的广泛关注和大力支持。随着越来越多分布式电源(Distributed Generation, DG)的并网运行,由于配电系统中的分布式电源的影响,使得配电网功率流动特性由传统的单向流动变成新的双向流动,因而给配电系统的稳定运行带来了诸多新挑战：一方面,由于DG形式多种多样,而且DG的出力具有明显的间歇性、不确定性、不可调度性等特点,传统的配电网确定性潮流计算方法不再适用,因而含DG配电网的潮流计算面临着新的挑战；另一方面,考虑DG的有功功率和无功功率对电网的影响,在构建含DG的配电系统规划配置模型、配电网无功调整模型以及设计其求解算法时也面临着新的挑战。针对以上两个问题本文进行探索和研究,首先描述了几种典型DG的工作原理、节点类型,并介绍了DG并网后的相关影响；其次考虑到DG出力的随机波动性,本文提出利用概率潮流解析法进行潮流计算；而对于含DG配电网的规划配置问题的建模和求解方面,本文采用节点电压和系统网损的综合敏感性分析方法来确定DG的安装位置,进而构建了综合考虑了电网经济性能和技术安全性能多重指标的分布式电源和电容器的综合规划配置模型,利用带最优保留策略和染色体混合编码的改进遗传算法进行模型优化求解,相关计算结果表明基于概率潮流计算和综合敏感性分析的分布式电源和电容器的综合规划配置方法,其综合效益和电压质量明显高于分别单独对分布式电源和电容器进行规划的优化结果。最后考虑含分布式电源的配电网动态无功调整对电压、网损等系统指标的影响以及大规模电网电容器投切集中控制的限制,本文提出基于电气距离和动态α分解法动态分区方法,构建了以概率潮流计算得到的系统的有功损耗最小为目标函数,以已有电容器的实际投切次数为控制变量的动态无功调整模型,同样采用改进的遗传算法进行求解,相关计算结果表明对综合规划配置后的配电系统进行本文提出的无功调整手段,不仅可以有效地减少电容器的实际投切次数,从而延长设备的使用寿命、降低其投资成本,同时还可以进一步降低系统的能量损耗,改善电压水平。
[Abstract]:Under the dual pressure of the current energy situation and the living environment, people begin to seek the solution to the energy and environment problems constantly. The distributed new energy power generation is renewable because of the use of clean and renewable energy as its primary energy. Therefore, the development of distributed power generation technology has been widely concerned and strongly supported by countries all over the world. With more and more distributed power supply (Distributed Generation, DG) connected to the grid, because of the influence of distributed power generation in distribution system, the power flow characteristic of distribution network is changed from traditional unidirectional flow to new two-way flow. So it brings many new challenges to the stable operation of the distribution system: on the one hand, because of the variety of DG forms, and the obvious characteristics of the DG, such as intermittent, uncertainty, non-scheduling, etc. The traditional deterministic power flow calculation method for distribution network is no longer applicable, so the power flow calculation with DG is facing a new challenge. On the other hand, considering the influence of the active power and reactive power of DG on the power network, it is also facing new challenges in the construction of distribution system planning and configuration model with DG, the reactive power adjustment model of distribution network and the design of its solution algorithm. First, this paper describes the working principle and node types of several typical DG, and introduces the influence of DG. Secondly, considering the random fluctuation of DG output force, this paper proposes to use probabilistic power flow analytical method to calculate power flow. For the modeling and solving of planning and configuration problem involving DG distribution network, this paper uses the comprehensive sensitivity analysis method of node voltage and system loss to determine the installation position of DG. Furthermore, a comprehensive planning configuration model of distributed power supply and capacitor is constructed, which considers the multiple indexes of economic performance and technical security performance of power network. An improved genetic algorithm with optimal retention strategy and hybrid chromosome coding is used to solve the model optimization. The results show that the integrated planning and configuration method of distributed power supply and capacitor is based on probabilistic power flow calculation and comprehensive sensitivity analysis. Its comprehensive benefit and voltage quality are obviously higher than the optimization results of separately planning distributed power supply and capacitor. Finally, considering the influence of dynamic reactive power adjustment on voltage, network loss and so on, and the limitation of large-scale power grid capacitor switching centralized control, In this paper, a dynamic partition method based on electrical distance and dynamic alpha decomposition method is proposed. The objective function is the minimum active power loss of the system calculated by probabilistic power flow. The dynamic reactive power adjustment model, which takes the actual switching times of the existing capacitors as the control variable, is also solved by the improved genetic algorithm. The related calculation results show that the reactive power adjustment method proposed in this paper can not only effectively reduce the actual switching times of the capacitor, but also prolong the service life of the equipment and reduce its investment cost. At the same time, it can further reduce the energy loss of the system and improve the voltage level.
【学位授予单位】：浙江大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：TM744

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