铜氧化物纳米线有序阵列复合电极制备及电容性能研究

发布时间：2019-01-05 01:13

【摘要】：铜氧化物(CuO,Cu_2O)被广泛应用于锂离子电池、光解水制氢、光催化及电化学储能等领域,成为功能纳米材料的研究热点之一。本文以铜氧化物纳米线阵列为基底,采用简单的化学水浴法沉积钴、镍氧化物,研究超级电容器电极材料的电容性能,同时与活性炭负极组装成非对称电容器,研究其储能特性。本文的主要研究结果如下:(1)以恒电流阳极氧化和空气煅烧的方法在铜箔表面直接生长铜氧化物纳米线阵列。基底材料在1 mA cm~(-2)的电流密度下,面积比电容能达到96 mF cm~(-2)。随后通过化学水浴和Ar气氛围中煅烧在铜氧化物纳米线表面沉积CoO纳米片。其中在5 mmol L-1浓度下制得的CuO/Cu_2O@CoO核壳纳米线阵列的电容性能最优,面积电容可达到280 mF cm~(-2)。(2)采样化学水浴和Ar气气氛煅烧的方法,成功在基底材料上负载NiCo_2O_4,在20 mmol L-1时性能最优,记为CuO/Cu_2O@NiCo_2O_4-20。在0.5 mA cm~(-2)小电流密度下,材料的比电容值能达到435 mF cm~(-2),在5 mA cm~(-2)的电流密度下循环充放电10000圈后,面积比电容仍保留了最初比电容值的93.6%。(3)将CuO/Cu_2O@NiCo_2O_4-20在Ar气气氛煅烧前置于葡萄糖溶液浸泡,再进行煅烧从而在材料表面形成一层无定型碳。在葡萄糖浓度为15 g L-1时CuO/Cu_2O@NiCo_2O_4-C材料电容性能提升效果最大。在0.5 mA cm~(-2)的电流密度下,比电容值达到了655 mF cm~(-2),10000圈循环后,面积比电容仍保留了最初比电容值的97%。(4)将CuO/Cu_2O@NiCo_2O_4-C与活性炭负极组装成非对称电容器。组装后器件的电压窗口能达到1.5 V,在功率密度达到2.3 mW cm~(-2)时能量密度能达到36.9μWh cm~(-2)。而在功率密度达到15 mW cm~(-2)时,能量密度仍能达到26.25μWh cm~(-2),在经过4000圈的循环后仍保留了最初比电容值的91%。
[Abstract]:Copper oxide (CuO,Cu_2O) has been widely used in lithium ion batteries, hydrophotolysis to produce hydrogen, photocatalysis and electrochemical energy storage, and has become one of the research hotspots in functional nanomaterials. In this paper, based on copper oxide nanowire array, cobalt and nickel oxides were deposited by a simple chemical bath method. The capacitive properties of electrode materials for supercapacitors were studied. At the same time, asymmetric capacitors were assembled with activated carbon negative electrodes. The characteristics of energy storage are studied. The main results are as follows: (1) Copper oxide nanowire arrays were grown directly on the surface of copper foil by constant current anodization and air calcination. At the current density of 1 mA cm~ (-2), the area specific capacitance of the substrate can reach 96 mF cm~ (-2). Then CoO nanowires were deposited on the surface of copper oxide nanowires by chemical water bath and Ar atmosphere. Among them, the CuO/Cu_2O@CoO core-shell nanowire arrays prepared at the concentration of 5 mmol L-1 have the best capacitive performance, and the area capacitance can reach 280 mF cm~ (-2). (2) sampling chemical water bath and Ar atmosphere calcination method. Successfully loading NiCo_2O_4, on substrate material at 20 mmol L-1 has the best performance, which is described as CuO/Cu_2O@NiCo_2O_4-20.. At a low current density of 0. 5 mA cm~ (-2), the specific capacitance of the material can reach 435 mF cm~ (-2). At the current density of 5 mA cm~ (-2), the specific capacitance can be recharged and discharged for 10000 cycles. The area specific capacitance still retains the original specific capacitance value of 93.6. (3) CuO/Cu_2O@NiCo_2O_4-20 is immersed in glucose solution before calcination in Ar atmosphere, and then calcined to form a layer of amorphous carbon on the surface of the material. When glucose concentration was 15 g L ~ (-1), the capacitive performance of CuO/Cu_2O@NiCo_2O_4-C was the best. At the current density of 0.5 mA cm~ (-2), the specific capacitance reaches 655 mF cm~ (-2). After 10000 cycles, The area specific capacitance still retains the original specific capacitance value of 97. (4) the CuO/Cu_2O@NiCo_2O_4-C and the activated carbon negative electrode are assembled into asymmetric capacitors. The voltage window of the assembled device can reach 1.5 V, and the energy density can reach 36.9 渭 Wh cm~ (-2) when the power density reaches 2.3 mW cm~ (-2). However, when the power density reaches 15 mW cm~ (-2), the energy density can still reach 26.25 渭 Wh cm~ (-2), and after 4000 cycles, the initial specific capacitance remains 91%.
【学位授予单位】：合肥工业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TB33;TM53

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