电力电缆振荡波局部放电检测设备的研制

发布时间：2019-01-18 17:24

【摘要】：交联聚乙烯电力电缆具有优越的电气性能、便于敷设等优点,在当前电力网络中的应用越来越广泛。电力电缆的大量投入,随之而来的是越来越多的电缆故障问题,电缆故障都是由绝缘缺陷发展而来的。电缆存在绝缘缺陷时,缺陷部位会产生局部放电,通过对电力电缆进行局部放电测量,可以及时发现电缆中存在的绝缘缺陷,有效避免因绝缘缺陷引起的电缆击穿故障,避免电力事故的发生,提高电缆运行的可靠性。传统的电力电缆局部放电现场试验方法存在着设备体积大、对电缆造成损伤等问题,振荡波检测方法因为设备便携性以及良好的检测效果得到了越来越多的认可和应用。针对国内外目前采用的振荡波试验设备充电方法的不足,本文设计了一种全新的充电方法,并在此基础上设计了电力电缆现场试验用的振荡波检测设备,设备主体结构包括振荡波主电路、控制电路、信号采集系统;根据振荡波检测设备所需满足的系统指标,搭建仿真电路进行仿真,确定主电路中各部分所需满足的参数条件。根据仿真所得的参数条件,完成振荡波设备中主要器件的设计,包括:可调直流高压电源、高压固态开关、触发控制系统、数据采集传感器。其中可调高压直流电源实现对振荡波设备中电容充电从而对试品电缆进行充电,高压固态开关完成电路中充电与振荡状态间的状态转换,触发控制系统实现对高压固态开关的可靠一致性导通,数据采集传感器实现对电力电缆局部放电信息的采集。目前普遍采用的基于峰值-时间序列的局部放电脉冲电流检测方法存在不足,本文介绍了实验室所设计的数据采集系统的检测方法。搭建实际电路对所设计的振荡波设备进行试验,通过试验结果可以看出,本文采用的电缆充电方法具有充电速度快,对电缆损害小等优点;通过人工电缆缺陷下的局部放电试验,确定了本论文所设计的电缆振荡波局部放电检测设备的可行性,固态高压开关体积小、控制方便,触发电路高可靠性和抗干扰能力强,采集系统可以完成局部放电脉冲电流波形-时间(相位)的采集。系统各部分都达到了设计要求。
[Abstract]:XLPE power cable is widely used in power network because of its superior electrical performance and easy laying. With the great investment of power cable, more and more problems of cable fault are brought about, and the fault of cable is developed from insulation defect. When the cable has insulation defect, partial discharge will occur in the defective part. By measuring the partial discharge of power cable, the insulation defect in the cable can be found in time, and the breakdown fault caused by the insulation defect can be effectively avoided. Avoid power accidents and improve the reliability of cable operation. The traditional power cable partial discharge field test method has many problems such as large equipment volume and damage to the cable. The oscillating wave detection method has been more and more recognized and applied because of the portability of the equipment and the good detection effect. In view of the shortage of the current charging methods of the oscillating wave test equipment used at home and abroad, a new charging method is designed in this paper, and on the basis of this, the oscillatory wave detecting equipment used in the field test of power cable is designed. The main structure of the equipment includes a main circuit of oscillating wave, a control circuit and a signal acquisition system. According to the system index of the oscillating wave detecting equipment, the simulation circuit is built to simulate, and the parameter conditions of each part of the main circuit are determined. According to the parameters obtained from the simulation, the design of the main components in the oscillating wave equipment is completed, including: adjustable DC high voltage power supply, high voltage solid state switch, trigger control system, data acquisition sensor. The adjustable high voltage DC power supply can charge the test cable by charging the capacitor in the oscillation wave equipment, and the high voltage solid state switch completes the state conversion between the charging and the oscillating state in the circuit. The trigger control system realizes the reliable and consistent conduction to the high-voltage solid-state switch, and the data acquisition sensor can collect the partial discharge information of the power cable. The current peak-based PD pulse current detection method based on peak-time series is inadequate. This paper introduces the detection method of the data acquisition system designed in the laboratory. The experimental results show that the cable charging method adopted in this paper has the advantages of fast charging speed and little damage to the cable. Through the partial discharge test under artificial cable defects, the feasibility of the cable oscillation wave partial discharge detection equipment designed in this paper is determined. The solid-state high-voltage switch is small in volume, convenient in control, high reliability in trigger circuit and strong in anti-interference ability. The acquisition system can complete the partial discharge pulse current waveform-time (phase) acquisition. All parts of the system meet the design requirements.
【学位授予单位】：西安科技大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TM855

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