智能配电网故障快速识别及处置方法研究

发布时间：2019-03-01 16:35

【摘要】：配电网是连接电力生产和用电用户的桥梁,直接面向用户,关系着供电安全和供电可靠性的优劣。随着国民经济的迅猛发展和人民生活水平日益提高,用电用户对供电质量的要求也随着提高,配电网故障后快速、小范围、少人工干预情况下的故障识别、隔离以及供电恢复的需求越来越迫切。本文分析了中性点经消弧线圈接地系统单相接地故障特征,研究和比较了基于稳态分量的故障识别与定位相关理论,提出采用并联中电阻的消弧线圈接地选线装置能提高选线成功率。分析了杭州地区消弧线圈运行现状,针对当前消弧线圈普遍容量不足、选线不准的问题,提出了两种优化和改造方案。讨论了经消弧线圈接地的小电流系统单相接地故障下暂态零序电流的相频特性,利用特征频带内故障线路暂态零序电流幅值大于健全线路的原理,基于自适应捕捉特征频带内暂态零序电流特征设计了接地选线装置,通过在某变电站内的试运行验证了该选线装置的原理和设计符合现场需求,能够快速定位单相接地故障线路,减少了接地试拉操作,提高了供电可靠性。本文还探讨了配电自动化建设对于一次网架结构、主站系统、子站系统、配电终端等各方面的需求。基于配电自动化系统研究了配电网故障识别与定位的原理,并给出了相应算法,通过该算法可以快速有效地识别故障点。针对配电网架空线路和电缆线路,分别提出了继电保护与配电自动化系统配合隔离故障区段的方案。讨论了杭州供电公司配电网自动化建设方案,通过案例论证了该框架下配电网故障识别、定位与隔离方案的可行性。提出了一种变电站10kV母线全停故障下的配电网快速复电及负荷转供方案,并在杭州公司配电自动化系统中设计了该方案的功能模块,实现了变电站10kV母线故障全停引起大规模停电情况下,快速有效地配电线路供电恢复及负荷转供,缩短了停电时间。
[Abstract]:Distribution network is a bridge between electricity production and power consumption. It is directly oriented to users, which is related to the security of power supply and the reliability of power supply. With the rapid development of the national economy and the improvement of people's living standards, the requirements of power users for the quality of power supply are also increasing. The fault identification in the case of quick, small scope and less manual intervention after the fault of the distribution network. The need for isolation and restoration of power supply is becoming more and more urgent. In this paper, the characteristics of single-phase grounding fault of neutral point grounding system through arc suppression coil are analyzed, and the theory of fault identification and location based on steady-state component is studied and compared. It is proposed that the arc suppression coil grounding line selection device with parallel intermediate resistance can improve the success rate of line selection. Based on the analysis of the current situation of arc suppression coil operation in Hangzhou, two optimization and modification schemes are put forward to solve the problem that the current arc suppression coil is generally insufficient in capacity and the selection of wires is not allowed. The phase-frequency characteristics of transient zero-sequence current in single-phase grounding fault of small current system grounded by arc suppression coil are discussed. The principle that the amplitude of transient zero-sequence current of fault line in characteristic frequency band is larger than that of sound line is used. A grounding line selection device is designed based on adaptive capture of transient zero sequence current characteristics in the characteristic frequency band. The principle and design of the line selection device meet the field requirements through trial operation in a substation. It can quickly locate the single-phase grounding fault line, reduce the grounding test operation, and improve the reliability of power supply. This paper also discusses the requirements of primary grid structure, master station system, sub-station system, distribution terminal and so on in the construction of distribution automation. Based on the distribution automation system, the principle of fault identification and location of distribution network is studied, and the corresponding algorithm is given, through which the fault points can be identified quickly and effectively. Aiming at overhead line and cable line of distribution network, the scheme of fault isolation between relay protection and distribution automation system is proposed. This paper discusses the construction scheme of distribution network automation in Hangzhou Power supply Company, and demonstrates the feasibility of the scheme of fault identification, location and isolation of distribution network under the framework of a case. In this paper, a fast recovery and load transfer scheme for distribution network with all-stop fault of 10kV bus in substation is put forward, and the function module of the scheme is designed in the distribution automation system of Hangzhou Company. In the case of large-scale power outage caused by 10kV bus failure in substation, the power supply recovery and load transfer of distribution line can be realized quickly and effectively, and the blackout time can be shortened.
【学位授予单位】：华北电力大学(北京)
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TM76

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