无铟聚合物太阳能电池透明电极及其界面调控
发布时间：2019-05-10 14:45
【摘要】：聚合物太阳能电池(PSCs)因其轻巧便携、可弯折、易于加工等特点而备受研究者们的青睐。通常,PSCs以氧化铟锡(ITO)透明导电薄膜为电极制备而成,但ITO电极生产成本昂贵、机械性能差以及和界面层材料之间存在接触缺陷,因而在一定程度上限制了PSCs的进一步发展。本文以PSCs的电极和界面层为出发点,深入研究电极和界面层之间存在的科学问题,设计和制备出高效稳定廉价的无铟PSCs。本论文主要从如下两个方面开展研究工作,首先,针对经典的氧化锌阴极界面层(ZnO ETL)存在导电性差、能级不匹配的问题。我们通过物理法制备了可高度分散的高导电性能的片层石墨烯材料(石墨烯:乙基纤维素(G:EC)),并以其为基底原位生长ZnO纳米粒子,从而获得一种新型的ETL(ZnO@G:EC)。而且,我们发现当在ZnO前驱体溶液中掺入1%体积的G:EC乙醇分散液时,这种ZnO@G:EC(1 v%)ETL相对于纯的ZnO ETL表面更为平滑、导电性能更高且能级更为匹配。将这种新型的ETL依次用于基于P3HT:PC61BM或PTB7:PC71BM活性层的PSCs器件中,电池的光电转换效率(PCE)都明显提高。其次,针对ITO电极的弊端,设计并制备一种低成本可溶液加工的、高导电性能的透明电极。我们是以导电聚合物聚(3,4-乙撑二氧噻吩)-聚(苯乙烯磺酸盐)(PEDOT:PSS)为墨水原料。采用聚乙二醇4000(PEG4000)添加剂前处理墨水和硫酸(H_2SO_4)后处理其薄膜的方法,制备大面积S-PEDOT:PSS:PEG4000(6.5%)无铟透明电极,并应用于PSCs中。我们发现经过上述方法处理的S-PEDOT:PSS:PEG4000(6.5%)薄膜导电性明显增强,其电导率达到了4027.4 S cm-1,而且处理后其功函数也发生了改变。通过对其进行相关光电性能的表征并运用于PSCs器件中,发现S-PEDOT:PSS:PEG4000(6.5%)薄膜是一种很好的负极材料。因该新型的ETL和负极材料均表现出优异的电学性能,且价格便宜,都能够溶液制备,此外,器件的性能与材料的导电性能又密切相关,所以基于上述新型材料的ITO-free PSCs相比于传统的基于ITO电极的器件具有更大的优势和更广阔的商业应用前景。
[Abstract]:Polymer solar cell (PSCs) has been favored by researchers because of its portability, bending and easy processing. Generally, PSCs is made of indium tin oxide (ITO) transparent conductive film as electrode, but ITO electrode is expensive to produce, poor mechanical properties and contact defects with interface layer materials. Therefore, to a certain extent, the further development of PSCs is limited. In this paper, based on the electrode and interface layer of PSCs, the scientific problems between electrode and interface layer are deeply studied, and the efficient, stable and cheap indium-free PSCs. is designed and fabricated. This thesis mainly focuses on the following two aspects: firstly, for the classical zinc oxide cathode interface layer (ZnO ETL), there exists the problem of poor conductivity and mismatch of energy levels. Graphene: ethyl cellulose (G:EC),) lamellar graphene materials (graphene: ethyl cellulose) were prepared by physical method and in situ ZnO nanoparticles were grown on the base of graphene: ethyl cellulose (graphene: ethyl cellulose). A new type of ETL (ZnO@G:EC) is obtained. Moreover, it is found that when 1% volume of G:EC ethanol dispersion is added into the ZnO precursor solution, the ZnO@G:EC (1 v%) ETL is smoother than the pure ZnO ETL surface, the conductivity is higher and the energy level is more matching. When the new ETL is used in PSCs devices based on P3HT:PC61BM or PTB7:PC71BM active layer in turn, the photoelectric conversion efficiency (PCE) of the battery is obviously improved. Secondly, aiming at the disadvantages of ITO electrode, a transparent electrode with low cost and high conductivity was designed and fabricated. We used conductive polymer poly (3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene)-poly (styrene sulfonate) (PEDOT:PSS) as ink raw material. Large area S-PEDOT:PSS:PEG4000 (6.5%) indium free transparent electrode was prepared by pretreatment of ink and sulfuric acid (H_2SO_4) with polyethylene glycol 4000 (PEG4000) additive and applied to PSCs. It is found that the conductivity of S-PEDOT:PSS:PEG4000 (6.5%) thin films treated by the above method is obviously enhanced, and the conductivity reaches 4027.4 S cm-1, and the work function of the films is also changed after treatment. Through the characterization of its optoelectronic properties and its application in PSCs devices, it is found that S-PEDOT:PSS:PEG4000 (6.5%) thin film is a good negative electrode material. Because the new ETL and negative electrode materials show excellent electrical properties and cheap price, they can be prepared by solution. In addition, the properties of the devices are closely related to the electrical conductivity of the materials. Therefore, ITO-free PSCs based on the above new materials has more advantages and broader commercial application prospects than the traditional devices based on ITO electrodes.
【学位授予单位】：南昌大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TM914.4
本文编号：2473731
[Abstract]:Polymer solar cell (PSCs) has been favored by researchers because of its portability, bending and easy processing. Generally, PSCs is made of indium tin oxide (ITO) transparent conductive film as electrode, but ITO electrode is expensive to produce, poor mechanical properties and contact defects with interface layer materials. Therefore, to a certain extent, the further development of PSCs is limited. In this paper, based on the electrode and interface layer of PSCs, the scientific problems between electrode and interface layer are deeply studied, and the efficient, stable and cheap indium-free PSCs. is designed and fabricated. This thesis mainly focuses on the following two aspects: firstly, for the classical zinc oxide cathode interface layer (ZnO ETL), there exists the problem of poor conductivity and mismatch of energy levels. Graphene: ethyl cellulose (G:EC),) lamellar graphene materials (graphene: ethyl cellulose) were prepared by physical method and in situ ZnO nanoparticles were grown on the base of graphene: ethyl cellulose (graphene: ethyl cellulose). A new type of ETL (ZnO@G:EC) is obtained. Moreover, it is found that when 1% volume of G:EC ethanol dispersion is added into the ZnO precursor solution, the ZnO@G:EC (1 v%) ETL is smoother than the pure ZnO ETL surface, the conductivity is higher and the energy level is more matching. When the new ETL is used in PSCs devices based on P3HT:PC61BM or PTB7:PC71BM active layer in turn, the photoelectric conversion efficiency (PCE) of the battery is obviously improved. Secondly, aiming at the disadvantages of ITO electrode, a transparent electrode with low cost and high conductivity was designed and fabricated. We used conductive polymer poly (3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene)-poly (styrene sulfonate) (PEDOT:PSS) as ink raw material. Large area S-PEDOT:PSS:PEG4000 (6.5%) indium free transparent electrode was prepared by pretreatment of ink and sulfuric acid (H_2SO_4) with polyethylene glycol 4000 (PEG4000) additive and applied to PSCs. It is found that the conductivity of S-PEDOT:PSS:PEG4000 (6.5%) thin films treated by the above method is obviously enhanced, and the conductivity reaches 4027.4 S cm-1, and the work function of the films is also changed after treatment. Through the characterization of its optoelectronic properties and its application in PSCs devices, it is found that S-PEDOT:PSS:PEG4000 (6.5%) thin film is a good negative electrode material. Because the new ETL and negative electrode materials show excellent electrical properties and cheap price, they can be prepared by solution. In addition, the properties of the devices are closely related to the electrical conductivity of the materials. Therefore, ITO-free PSCs based on the above new materials has more advantages and broader commercial application prospects than the traditional devices based on ITO electrodes.
【学位授予单位】：南昌大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TM914.4
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