智能电网远程抄表通信网络系统的设计

发布时间：2019-05-10 18:12

【摘要】：近年来通信技术取得了很大的发展,电力体制也在不断改革,国家对电网的建设提出了更高的要求。国内外都在针对新型的电力网络技术进行研究,以便建设更利于全球发展需要的智能电网。远程抄表技术作为智能电网的重要组成部分也取得了很大的发展。而传统的人工抄表方式由于存在着效率低、现场环境复杂、耗费成本大等大量弊端已不再能满足当今电力系统发展需要。远程抄表技术具有抄表率高,误差率小等优点逐渐成为研究的热点。本文通过对智能电网中远程抄表技术以及相关协议的研究设计了一种基于DLMS/COSEM协议的远程抄表通信网络系统。本文以远程抄表系统使用的通信协议为研究切入点,结合远程抄表系统相关的通信技术分析了国内目前大量使用的DL/T645和Q/GDW1376.1规约。总结了传统通信规约在实际使用过程存在的扩展性和灵活性差、采集效率低、互操作性差等问题。介绍分析了面向对象的DLMS/COSEM协议的特点,并设计了基于该协议的远程抄表系统。该系统中集中器的下行和上行通信网络均采用了DLMS/COSEM通讯协议。集中器的硬件以32位高性能的STM32微控制器为核心,其外围包含了GPRS、RS485、FLASH存储、LCD显示等硬件模块。系统上行选用GPRS的通信方式,下行通信方式为RS485。在集中器软件设计上,移植了嵌入式μC/OS-II系统内核以及相应驱动,构建了集中器的COSEM对象模型,设计了多任务环境下的集中器软件程序,设计了下行通信任务以及上行通信任务。最后对本文所设计的集中器的基本功能和DLMS/COSEM协议一致性方面进行测试,测试结果表明集中器功能合格,且符合IEC62056一致性标准,可以满足基于DLMS/COSEM协议的远程集中抄表系统的方案需求。
[Abstract]:In recent years, communication technology has made great progress, the electric power system is also constantly reforming, the state put forward higher requirements for the construction of the power grid. Both at home and abroad, the new power network technology is researched in order to build a smart grid which is more conducive to the development of the world. As an important part of smart grid, remote meter reading technology has also made great progress. However, the traditional manual meter reading method can no longer meet the needs of the development of power system because of its low efficiency, complex field environment, high cost and so on. Remote meter reading technology has the advantages of high meter reading rate and low error rate. In this paper, a remote meter reading network system based on DLMS/COSEM protocol is designed by studying the remote meter reading technology and related protocols in smart grid. In this paper, the communication protocol used in remote meter reading system is taken as the starting point, and the DL/T645 and Q/GDW1376.1 protocols, which are widely used in China, are analyzed in combination with the communication technology related to remote meter reading system. This paper summarizes the problems existing in the practical use of traditional communication protocols, such as poor scalability and flexibility, low collection efficiency, poor interoperability and so on. This paper introduces and analyzes the characteristics of object-oriented DLMS/COSEM protocol, and designs a remote meter reading system based on this protocol. DLMS/COSEM communication protocol is used in downlink and uplink communication network of concentrator in this system. The hardware of concentrator is based on 32-bit high performance STM32 microcontroller, and its periphery includes hardware modules such as GPRS,RS485,FLASH storage, LCD display and so on. The communication mode of GPRS is selected in the uplink of the system, and the downlink communication mode is RS485.. In the software design of concentrator, the kernel of embedded 渭 C/OS-II system and the corresponding driver are ported, the COSEM object model of concentrator is constructed, and the software program of concentrator in multi-task environment is designed. The downlink communication task and uplink communication task are designed. Finally, the basic function of the concentrator designed in this paper and the consistency of DLMS/COSEM protocol are tested. the test results show that the concentrator is qualified and conforms to the IEC62056 consistency standard. It can meet the scheme requirements of remote centralized meter reading system based on DLMS/COSEM protocol.
【学位授予单位】：哈尔滨理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TM73;TM76

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