太阳自动追踪光伏LED照明系统的研究

发布时间：2018-01-08 05:10

本文关键词：太阳自动追踪光伏LED照明系统的研究　出处：《南昌大学》2014年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：随着社会经济飞速的发展，人类对能源的需求也在日益增长，而地球上的能源毕竟是有限的,所以人类一直把目光投向于新能源的探索,而在新能源的开发利用中，太阳能具有诸多的优势，在许多领域得到很好的应用。本文所研究的太阳自动追踪光伏LED照明系统是对太阳自动追踪系统研究的新发展和应用。首先，，本文在参考前人研究成果的基础上，对太阳自动追踪方式进行了分析和比较，提出了一种最佳方案，即：视日运动轨迹追踪和四象限双孔干涉光电检测追踪相结合的追踪方式，该方式能够准确判断太阳光照射角度的变化并且能够使太阳能电池板始终保持垂直于太阳光线。其次，本文设计了一种以Atmega16单片机作为控制核心的太阳自动追踪系统，主要包括光电检测电路、单片机控制电机电路、时钟和显示电路的硬件设计以及相应的主程序、光电检测追踪模块程序、视日运动轨迹追踪模块程序、时钟和显示模块程序的设计。再次，在光伏LED照明系统中，由于蓄电池充放电装置是整个系统的重要组成部分，本文的蓄电池充放电装置主要通过采集当前充放电控制电路的电压和电流，从而实现对蓄电池的充、放电的精准控制。为了实现最大功率点跟踪(MPPT)，本文分析了不同的电路拓扑结构以及比较了几种常用的先进控制算法，并分别在太阳光照射强度、太阳能电池温度保持不变的情况下，做了实验测试，通过测试分析总结出了，适合本文的最大功率点跟踪算法，即改进型扰动观测法MPPT。在保护蓄电池、提高能源利用率方面，本文提出了合理的充电控制策略，即变阻二阶段的充电方法。该充电方法能够实现蓄电池的过压和欠压保护，同时能够对蓄电池进行快速安全的充电。最后，本文完成了相关的硬件和软件设计，并进行了部分实验测试。测试结果验证了本文设计方案的准确性和可行性。
[Abstract]:With the rapid development of social economy, the human demand for energy is also increasing, and the energy on the earth is limited, so people have been focusing on the exploration of new energy. In the development and utilization of new energy, solar energy has many advantages. The solar automatic tracking photovoltaic LED illumination system studied in this paper is a new development and application of solar automatic tracking system. First of all, based on the previous research results, this paper analyzes and compares the solar automatic tracking methods, and puts forward an optimal scheme. That is, the tracking method is combined with the track tracking of the sun motion and the photoelectric detection and tracking of the four-quadrant two-hole interference. This method can accurately judge the change of the solar radiation angle and keep the solar panel perpendicular to the solar light. Secondly, this paper designs a solar automatic tracking system with Atmega16 microcontroller as the control core, mainly including photoelectric detection circuit, single-chip microcomputer control motor circuit. The hardware design of the clock and display circuit and the corresponding main program, the photoelectric detection and tracking module program, the sun motion track tracking module program, the clock and display module program design. Thirdly, in photovoltaic LED lighting system, battery charging and discharging device is an important part of the whole system. The battery charging and discharging device in this paper mainly collects the voltage and current of the current charge and discharge control circuit so as to achieve the accurate control of battery charge and discharge. In order to achieve the maximum power point tracking MPPTT). This paper analyzes the different circuit topology and compares several commonly used advanced control algorithms, and makes the experimental test under the condition that the solar radiation intensity and solar cell temperature remain the same. Through the test and analysis, it is concluded that the maximum power point tracking algorithm suitable for this paper, that is, the improved perturbation observation method MPPT. is used to protect the battery and improve the energy efficiency. This paper presents a reasonable charging control strategy, that is, the two-stage charging method of variable-resistance, which can realize the overvoltage and under-voltage protection of the battery, and at the same time, can charge the battery quickly and safely. Finally, the related hardware and software design is completed, and some experimental tests are carried out. The test results verify the accuracy and feasibility of the design scheme.
【学位授予单位】：南昌大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：TM923.34;TM914.4

【引证文献】