光伏发电系统中混合储能及接入微电网技术仿真研究

发布时间：2018-01-08 11:00

本文关键词：光伏发电系统中混合储能及接入微电网技术仿真研究　出处：《华北电力大学》2014年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：随着环境问题和化石燃料短缺的问题日益严峻，太阳能光伏发电等可分散应用的可再生能源将扮演人们生活的重要角色。但光伏发电自身随环境变化具有随机性和间歇性，使得光伏发电微电网系统存在电能质量和对大电网冲击的问题，所以需要配置储能系统来维持系统的稳定。目前，适用于微电网的储能电池种类很多，但都各自存在一定的局限性或不足，因此考虑建立环境友好的能量型铅酸蓄电池和循环寿命长的功率型超级电容组合而成的混合储能系统。本文首先介绍了光伏发电系统的基本原理和数学模型，采用理想的光伏并网逆变器模型，并对微电网结构及运行进行概述。然后重点研究了储能系统，包括蓄电池、超级电容的原理和模型，分别对各自的充放电特性进行仿真分析。根据对两种电池的研究建立通过功率变换器并联的有源式混合储能结构，来优化蓄电池的工作过程，提高储能系统的利用率。根据构建的混合储能系统，进一步设计双向DC/DC变换器、双向DC/AC变换器的控制策略来控制接入光伏发电微电网的混合储能系统。在深入分析了光伏储能的特性和混合储能系统控制策略的基础上，参考典型微电网结构，在MTLAB/Simulink平台建立光伏储能微电网动态仿真模型，对储能单元采用蓄电池和采用混合储能进行对比，来体现混合储能的优势。然后在微电网并网和孤岛两种运行模式下，对光照强度变化和负载变化情况的系统分别进行仿真分析，获得微电网电压和频率的变化规律，来验证混合储能控制策略的有效性。结果表明，混合储能系统能快速为系统提供有功、无功支撑，保证了电压和频率的稳定。针对未来推广应用，通过实际示范工程案例对含储能系统的光伏发电微电网经济性进行了分析。
[Abstract]:Along with the environmental problems and the shortage of fossil fuels, the problem is becoming more and more serious. Renewable energy sources, such as solar photovoltaic power generation, will play an important role in people's lives. However, photovoltaic power generation itself is random and intermittent with environmental changes. It is necessary to configure the energy storage system to maintain the stability of the system. At present, there are many kinds of energy storage cells suitable for the microgrid. However, each of them has some limitations or shortcomings. Therefore, a hybrid energy storage system based on environment-friendly energy lead-acid batteries and power super capacitors with long cycle life is considered. This paper first introduces the basic principle and mathematical model of photovoltaic power generation system, adopts the ideal photovoltaic grid-connected inverter model, and summarizes the structure and operation of micro-grid, then focuses on the energy storage system. The principle and model of storage battery and super capacitor are simulated and analyzed respectively. According to the study of two kinds of batteries, the active hybrid energy storage structure is established through the power converter shunt. According to the hybrid energy storage system, the bidirectional DC/DC converter is designed. The control strategy of the bidirectional DC/AC converter is used to control the hybrid energy storage system connected to the photovoltaic microgrid. On the basis of deeply analyzing the characteristics of photovoltaic energy storage and the control strategy of hybrid energy storage system, the typical microgrid structure is referred to. The dynamic simulation model of photovoltaic energy storage microgrid is established on MTLAB/Simulink platform, and the battery and hybrid energy storage unit are compared. To reflect the advantages of hybrid energy storage. Then in the microgrid grid-connected and islanding operation mode, the system of light intensity change and load change are simulated and analyzed respectively. The variation of voltage and frequency of microgrid is obtained to verify the effectiveness of hybrid energy storage control strategy. The results show that the hybrid energy storage system can provide active and reactive power support for the system quickly. The stability of voltage and frequency is ensured. The economy of photovoltaic microgrid with energy storage system is analyzed by practical demonstration project.
【学位授予单位】：华北电力大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：TM615

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