电动车用永磁电动机设计及弱磁控制

发布时间：2018-01-12 23:31

本文关键词：电动车用永磁电动机设计及弱磁控制　出处：《浙江大学》2014年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：作为电动汽车驱动的核心元件之一,驱动电机的性能对电动汽车的运行状况有着显著的影响,因此设计效率、可靠性高、控制性能好的电机对电动汽车的应用与发展具十分重要的意义。本文以高功率密度、高效率和宽调速范围为目的设计了一台电动汽车用永磁电机,并对其弱磁控制作了初步分析。本文设计的电动汽车电机采用内置式“V”形转子结构,电机的额定功率为20kW,转速为2000r/min。本文首先讨论了永磁电机的基本设计方法及主要参数的选取原则。使用有限元分析软件,设计和优化内置式永磁电机转子槽的结构,以减小电机运行过程中的齿槽转矩。通过调整永磁体的极间距离的方法,研究了在该参数对电机的空载反电势以及气隙磁密基波分量的影响,以找到优化的“V”形内置式永磁电机设计规律。在永磁电机输出最大转矩的前提下,研究了绕组分别通入额定电流和两倍的额定电流的情况下,相邻永磁体间距离对电磁转矩和转矩脉动的影响。通过对电机空载反电势、各相绕组的自感和互感谐波等各种因素的分析,得到了其对电机转矩脉动的影响。使用Abaqus有限元软件对电机额定转速下的应力场进行分析,确定电机转子冲片最大受力点的位置及转子冲片所产生的形变量。弱磁控制是永磁电机作为电动汽车驱动过程中的主要控制策略。本文描述了电动汽车用永磁电机弱磁调速控制的原理和基本方法,并且针对本文设计的电机,使用Matlab/Simulink仿真软件设计了其弱磁调速方法,并给出相应仿真结果,以扩展电机的转速运行范围。本文实现了样机制造,进行了部分实验,得出了样机的相关参数及实验曲线。
[Abstract]:As one of the core components of electric vehicle drive, has a significant impact on the performance of running status of electric vehicle drive motor, so the efficiency of design, high reliability, good control performance of the motor is very important for the application and development of electric vehicles. The high power density, high efficiency and wide speed range for the purpose of design an electric vehicle with permanent magnet motor, and the weak magnetron was analyzed.
The design of the motor with built-in "V" - shaped rotor structure, the motor rated power is 20kW, the speed is 2000r/min. this paper firstly discusses the selection principle of permanent magnet motor the basic design method and main parameters. Using finite element analysis software, the design and optimization of permanent magnet motor rotor slot structure, the reducing the cogging torque in the process of motor running. Through the method of distance adjustment of permanent magnet pole, on the parameters of the motor no-load EMF and the air gap flux density of the fundamental component of the law design of interior permanent magnet machines in order to find the optimal shape of "V". In the premise of permanent magnet motor maximum output the torque under the rated current of the winding are respectively inserted into the rated current and two times under the condition that the influence on the electromagnetic torque and torque ripple of the distance between adjacent permanent magnets. The back EMF of the motor, the Analysis of various factors such as harmonic inductance and mutual inductance of windings, the influence on the torque ripple of the motor under the rated speed. The stress field is analyzed using the finite element software Abaqus, to determine the maximum position of motor rotor punching and rotor punching point caused by deformation.
Weak magnetic control is a permanent magnet motor as electric vehicle drive control strategy in the process. This paper describes the principle of permanent magnet motor field weakening control and basic methods for electric vehicles, and the motor is designed in this paper, the weak magnetic control design method using the Matlab/Simulink simulation software, and the corresponding simulation results, to run range expansion speed motor.
In this paper, the prototype manufacturing is realized, and some experiments are carried out. The parameters and experimental curves of the prototype are obtained.

【学位授予单位】：浙江大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：TM351

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