风电场电压实时控制策略研究

发布时间：2018-01-13 23:01

本文关键词：风电场电压实时控制策略研究　出处：《华北电力大学》2014年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：风力发电作为一种快速发展的可再生能源方式，在全世界的能源格局所占份额持续上升，风力发电技术和风力发电市场得到了飞速发展，风能对于电力系统的影响也越来越大。因此，从事风电研究的科学工作者们以及决策者都需要全面了解风能对于整个电网的正反两方面影响。双馈感应风力发电机作为市场上现有的主流风机，不仅在有功功率调整方面性能卓越，同时也有出色的电压/无功调整能力。对于双馈感应风电场的电压/无功调节是目前各国风电研究者们重点关注的问题。本文作为北京华电天仁电力控制技术有限公司科研项目“储能型风电场能量管理系统软件开发’’的一部分，依据国家电网公司提出的《风电场接入电网技术规定》和《风电并网运行控制技术规定》中对于风电并网电压/无功控制要求，以辽宁省锦州芳山风电场（全部为双馈感应式风力发电机）为主要研究对象，对双馈风机群接入电网中对电网电压的影响采取电压/无功调控策略，为实现厂/站端对于风电的有效控制，提供参考。主要研究内容：（1）统计分析了现有风电场的电压/无功控制现状，其中包括：针对双馈电机阐述了变速恒频运行的基本原理、有载调压变压器电压调整特性、静止无功补偿器（SVC）电压/无功调整特性，研究了双馈感应式风电机组/场的无功功率容量，有功—无功特性。（2）提出两级电压/无功协调控制策略，一级电压控制通过对具有电压/无功调整能力装置进行优化调整实现，二级控制利用斜率算法分配风电机群内部无功出力实现。（3）一级风电场电压控制具体过程为利用优化模型，分配被控DFIG机群、各种无功补偿装置的无功出力以及升压变电站有载调压变压器的分接头位置；二级风机群电压控制通过离线计算不同位置风机无功输出对并网点电压影响程度，得出风电机群内部无功分配斜率比例，实现控制目标。（4）以锦州芳山风电场作为仿真研究模型，仿真验证电压控制前后在实际风速下风电并网点的电压状况以及风机群输出无功功率。搭建simulink仿真模型，仿真获得不同距离下风机群无功出力对于PCC点电压影响程度，，获得斜率参数。比较采用斜率分配与常规分配下的风机群无功出力对于电压调整的程度。
[Abstract]:Wind power generation as a rapid development of renewable energy, the share of energy patterns in the world continues to rise, wind power technology and wind power market has been rapid development. Wind power has become more and more important to the power system. Scientists and decision makers engaged in wind power research need to have a comprehensive understanding of the positive and negative effects of wind power on the whole grid. Doubly-fed induction wind turbines are the existing mainstream fans in the market. Not only in the active power adjustment, but also in the voltage / reactive power adjustment ability. The voltage / reactive power regulation of the doubly-fed induction wind farm is the focus of attention of wind power researchers in the world. This paper is a part of Beijing Huadian Tianren Electric Power Control Technology Co., Ltd. "Energy management system software development of energy storage wind farm". According to the state grid company proposed "wind farm access grid technical regulations" and "wind power grid operation control regulations" for wind power grid voltage / reactive power control requirements. Taking Fangshan wind farm in Jinzhou Liaoning Province (all of which are doubly-fed induction wind generators) as the main research object, the voltage / reactive power regulation strategy is adopted for the influence of doubly-fed fan group on the grid voltage. It provides a reference for the effective control of wind power at the plant / station end. Main research contents: 1) the current situation of voltage / reactive power control in existing wind farms is statistically analyzed, including: the basic principle of variable speed constant frequency operation and voltage regulation characteristics of on-load voltage regulating transformers are expounded for doubly-fed power plants. The characteristics of voltage / reactive power adjustment of static Var compensator (SVC) are studied. The reactive power capacity, active power and reactive power characteristics of doubly-fed induction wind turbine / field are studied. A two-stage voltage / reactive power coordinated control strategy is proposed. The primary voltage control is realized by optimizing the device with the capacity of voltage / reactive power adjustment. The second stage control uses slope algorithm to distribute reactive power in wind turbine cluster. The specific process of voltage control in the first stage wind farm is to allocate the controlled DFIG cluster, reactive output force of various reactive power compensation devices and the tap position of the on-load voltage regulating transformer in the booster substation by using the optimized model. Voltage control of two-stage fan group calculates the influence of reactive power output of fan in different position on the voltage of parallel dot through off-line calculation. The slope ratio of reactive power distribution in wind turbine cluster is obtained and the control goal is achieved. Taking Jinzhou Fangshan wind farm as the simulation model. The simulation verifies the voltage condition of wind power network and the reactive power output of fan group under the actual wind speed before and after voltage control. The simulink simulation model is built. The influence of reactive power of fan group on the voltage of PCC point was obtained by simulation, and the slope parameters were obtained, and the degree of adjustment of reactive power to voltage of fan group under slope distribution and conventional distribution was compared.
【学位授予单位】：华北电力大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：TM614

【参考文献】