基于RBF神经网络无刷直流电机控制系统的基础研究

发布时间：2018-01-18 06:39

本文关键词：基于RBF神经网络无刷直流电机控制系统的基础研究　出处：《安徽理工大学》2015年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：无刷直流电机内部结构采用电子换向器而非传统的机械换向器,消除了一般直流电动机中因机械换向器引起的一系列如电刷磨损、电磁干扰与频繁维修等问题。同时,无刷直流电机具备调速范围宽、扭矩大、运转平稳、噪声低等直流电动机优点,因此研究无刷直流电机控制系统意义显得十分重要。本文建立在对国内外相关的文献查阅研究的基础上,详细叙述了无刷直流电机的相关特点以及发展进程；详细分析介绍无刷直流电机的设计本体及运行原理；基于现有无位置传感器的检测技术有着应用场合的限制等缺点,本文无刷直流电机转子位置采用位置传感器来检测。在现实中对电机的转速进行控制时,被控对象的参数是经常变化的,具有不确定性,这就需要相应的调节其参数值,但传统的PID方法有很多缺点,不具有自动调节相应参数的能力,所以本文设计了一种径向基神经网络的PID控制算法来弥补传统方法的不足。并且利用在MATLAB软件,在其中搭建无刷直流电机的控制系统的模型,并对电机的电流、转速、转矩进行仿真分析,从而证明了本文所提控制方法的精准性以及实施性。本文所采用的调速控制系统是双闭环调速控制系统。该系统由电流环和速度环构成,电流环(内环调节)实现了快速抑制负载电流和电压等扰动,提高了系统抗干扰力的能力；速度环(外环调节)实现了保持转速与给定无静差,提高了系统的稳定性。本文设计了基于TMS320F2812无刷直流电机控制系统,并且详细介绍了系统的软件与硬件部分。通过实验证明,本文设计的无刷直流电机控制系统有着一系列优点,诸如结构简单,适应性强等,其应用前景也十分宽广。
[Abstract]:The internal structure of brushless DC motor adopts electronic commutator instead of traditional mechanical commutator which eliminates a series of wear caused by mechanical commutator in general DC motor. At the same time, brushless DC motor has the advantages of wide speed range, large torque, stable operation and low noise. So it is very important to study the brushless DC motor control system. In this paper, based on the literature review and research at home and abroad, the characteristics and development process of brushless DC motor are described in detail. This paper introduces the design and operation principle of brushless DC motor in detail. Based on the shortcomings of the existing sensorless detection technology, the rotor position of brushless DC motor is detected by position sensor in this paper. In reality, the rotor speed of brushless DC motor is controlled. The parameters of the controlled object change frequently and have uncertainty, which requires the corresponding adjustment of the parameter value. However, the traditional PID method has many shortcomings and does not have the ability to adjust the corresponding parameters automatically. So this paper designs a radial basis function neural network PID control algorithm to make up for the shortcomings of the traditional methods, and use the MATLAB software to build the brushless DC motor control system model. The current, speed and torque of the motor are simulated and analyzed. It is proved that the proposed control method is accurate and practical. The speed control system used in this paper is a double closed loop speed regulation control system. The system is composed of current loop and speed loop. The current loop (inner loop regulation) realizes fast suppression of load current and voltage disturbance, and improves the ability of anti-interference of the system. The speed loop (external ring regulation) realizes the stability of the system by keeping the rotational speed and no static error given. This paper designs a brushless DC motor control system based on TMS320F2812, and introduces the software and hardware of the system in detail. The brushless DC motor control system designed in this paper has a series of advantages, such as simple structure, strong adaptability and so on.
【学位授予单位】：安徽理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：TM33;TP183

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