10KW光伏并网逆变器关键技术研究

发布时间：2018-01-27 02:14

本文关键词： 逆变器光伏阵列最大功率点跟踪孤岛效应　出处：《北京交通大学》2014年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：随着全球范围内可再生能源突飞猛进的发展,光伏发电在改善能源结构、实现能源多元化、减少环境污染等方面发挥着举足轻重的作用。在光伏发电系统中,分布式光伏发电凭借其容量小、电压等级低、接近负荷、对电网的影响小等众多优势,逐渐成为关注的焦点。本文以国网智研院分布式光伏储能综合发电系统项目为背景,以10kW光伏并网逆变器为研究对象,对其关键技术研究如下：本文通过分析光伏并网逆变器的研究背景及国内外发展现状,对逆变器的分类、构成、功能进行了相关论述；搭建了光伏电池组件的仿真模型,对光伏组件和最大功率点跟踪(MPPT)算法进行合理简化,并结合恒定电压法和扰动观察法的特点对传统的MPPT方法进行改进,提出了一种相对完善的最大功率点跟踪算法,使其兼具追踪速度快和准确性高的优点,并进行了仿真验证。本文针对光伏并网逆变器的拓扑进行了数学公式推导,介绍了光伏并网逆变器在三相静止坐标系、两相静止坐标系和两相同步旋转坐标系下的数学模型,并根据逆变器并网运行时在dq旋转坐标系下的矢量关系,阐述了基于电网电压定向矢量解耦控制方案,给出了电流环的设计步骤,并结合电压环和MPPT环形成了三环控制。同时,本文对光伏并网系统孤岛检测技术的分类和特点进行了介绍,并提出了一种新型的孤岛检测技术。理论及仿真证明,本文所设计的逆变器具有并网波形好,动态反应迅速的优点；通过软硬件系统设计,在样机试验中证明其具有很高的MPPT追踪精度,孤岛检测技术也达到行业标准。目前,本论文研制的10kW光伏并网逆变器已成功应用于国网智研院的光伏储能综合发电系统示范项目中,具有良好的实际应用价值。
[Abstract]:With the rapid development of renewable energy in the world, photovoltaic power generation plays an important role in improving energy structure, realizing energy diversification, reducing environmental pollution and so on. Distributed photovoltaic generation has many advantages, such as small capacity, low voltage level, close to load, small influence on power grid and so on. This paper takes the distributed photovoltaic energy storage system project as the background, takes 10kW photovoltaic grid-connected inverter as the research object, and studies its key technology as follows: In this paper, the research background of photovoltaic grid-connected inverter and its development status at home and abroad are analyzed, and the classification, constitution and function of the inverter are discussed. The simulation model of photovoltaic cell module is built to simplify the algorithm of photovoltaic module and maximum power point tracking (MPPTT) reasonably. Combined with the characteristics of constant voltage method and disturbance observation method, the traditional MPPT method is improved, and a relatively perfect maximum power point tracking algorithm is proposed, which has the advantages of fast tracking speed and high accuracy. The simulation is also carried out. In this paper, the mathematical formula of photovoltaic grid-connected inverter is derived, and the mathematical models of photovoltaic grid-connected inverter in three-phase stationary coordinate system, two-phase stationary coordinate system and two-phase synchronous rotating coordinate system are introduced. According to the vector relation of the inverter in the dq rotating coordinate system, the decoupling control scheme based on the grid voltage-oriented vector is expounded, and the design steps of the current loop are given. Combined with the voltage loop and the MPPT loop, a three-loop control is formed. At the same time, this paper introduces the classification and characteristics of islanding detection technology in photovoltaic grid-connected system, and puts forward a new islanding detection technology. Theoretical and simulation results show that the inverter designed in this paper has the advantages of good grid-connected waveform and rapid dynamic response. Through the software and hardware system design, it is proved in the prototype test that it has high MPPT tracking accuracy, and the islanding detection technology also meets the industry standard. The 10kW photovoltaic grid-connected inverter developed in this paper has been successfully applied to the demonstration project of the photovoltaic integrated power generation system of the National Institute of Grid Intelligence Research, which has a good practical application value.
【学位授予单位】：北京交通大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：TM464

【参考文献】