含新能源的独立电网储能容量配置和运行策略研究

发布时间：2018-01-27 00:42

本文关键词： 新能源独立电网风电-储能系统微电网储能容量配置旋转备用市场竞价控制策略　出处：《华中科技大学》2014年博士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：伴随着社会文明和经济的不断发展,日益严峻的化石能源和环境保护问题与不断增长的能源需求之间的矛盾越发突出。目前,发展利用新能源发电技术是解决这一问题的有效途径。同时,构建含新能源的独立电网可以实现新能源发电可靠安全接入和独立供电,例如可再生能源发电通过微电网接入、海岛等偏远地区采用可再生能源发电独立供电。本文在对含新能源的独立电网结构类型、规划方法、运行和控制策略已有研究进行归纳总结的基础上,围绕含新能源的独立电网的规划和运行、控制策略问题展开研究,主要研究内容包括：首先,分析了风电-储能独立电网结构类型,比较概述了常用的储能技术及其投资成本、使用寿命、充放电效率等特性参数。从联网运行风电功率可调度性和孤岛运行可靠性角度,分别构建了储能系统容量经济规划模型。在风电功率可调度性储能配置模型中,基于持续预测方法设计了使储能容量需求最小的风电-储能联合调度策略,定义了风电功率可调度性置信度水平约束,并且在年均投资成本最小化规划模型中计入了放电深度对储能寿命的影响,采用非参数估计、迭代法和曲线拟合方法分别计算最小功率和容量约束,最后利用遗传算法求解最优配置。在孤岛运行储能配置模型中,以最大电量不足期望值作为可靠性约束条件,在年均成本最小化模型中计入了风电和负荷切除补偿费用,考虑故障时刻和后续风电功率状况的不确定性,利用遗传算法和时序仿真方法进行求解。算例仿真结果验证了模型的合理性。其次,基于微电网分层控制框架和市场竞价机制,分析建立了微电网运行不确定性如可再生能源发电功率和负荷预测误差等因素数学模型,提出了考虑不确定性的微电网日前电力市场电能和旋转备用随机竞价模型,采用超立方抽样和后向削减技术生成微电网运行场景,将随机竞价模型转化为多场景确定性竞价模型。典型低压微电网算例结果表明所提随机竞价模型相对于确定性竞价模型能够增加微电网竞价收益。再次,考虑多种不确定性因素对微电网旋转备用优化的影响,建立了风电功率、光伏发电功率、负荷、发电单元停运和微电网净功率的不确定性分布模型,分别从联网运行经济性和孤岛运行可靠性角度构建了联网和孤岛运行模式下微电网旋转备用优化模型。微电网算例验证所提模型的有效性。最后,基于风电-储能独立电网的控制特点分析,设计了一种风电-储能独立电网孤岛运行双层控制策略及其实现框架,包含上层广域功率平衡功率和下层储能系统功率补偿控制。在上层广域功率平衡控制中最小化电网控制成本,下层储能系统功率补偿控制实现不平衡功率实时跟踪。南澳电网的建模仿真验证了双层控制策略能够有效维持电网孤岛运行电压和频率稳定性。
[Abstract]:With the development of social civilization and economy, the contradiction between the increasingly severe fossil energy and environmental protection problems and the increasing energy demand is becoming more and more prominent. Development and utilization of new energy generation technology is an effective way to solve this problem. At the same time, building independent grid with new energy can realize reliable and safe access to new energy generation and independent power supply. For example, renewable energy generation through microgrid access, island and other remote areas using renewable energy to generate independent power supply. On the basis of the existing research on operation and control strategy, this paper studies the planning and operation of independent power grid with new energy sources, and the control strategy. The main research contents are as follows: Firstly, the structure types of wind power-storage independent power grid are analyzed, and the commonly used energy storage technology, its investment cost and service life are compared and summarized. From the point of view of the schedulability of wind power and the reliability of isolated island, the capacity economic planning model of energy storage system is constructed, and in the configuration model of wind power schedulability. Based on the method of continuous prediction, the wind-energy storage joint scheduling strategy is designed to minimize the demand for energy storage capacity, and the confidence level constraint of wind power schedulability is defined. The influence of discharge depth on energy storage life is taken into account in the annual investment cost minimization programming model. The minimum power and capacity constraints are calculated by non-parametric estimation iterative method and curve fitting method respectively. Finally, the genetic algorithm is used to solve the optimal configuration. In the islanding operation energy storage configuration model, the expected value of the maximum power shortage is taken as the reliability constraint. The cost of wind power and load removal compensation is taken into account in the annual cost minimization model, and the uncertainty of wind power condition at fault time and subsequent wind power is considered. Genetic algorithm and time series simulation method are used to solve the problem. The simulation results show that the model is reasonable. Secondly, based on the hierarchical control framework and the market bidding mechanism, the mathematical model of microgrid operating uncertainty such as renewable energy generation power and load forecasting error is established. In this paper, a stochastic bidding model of pre-day power market and rotational reserve for micro-grid is proposed, which takes into account the uncertainty. Hypercube sampling and backward reduction techniques are used to generate the operation scenario of micro-grid. The stochastic bidding model is transformed into a multi-scenario deterministic bidding model. The results of typical low-voltage micro-grid examples show that the proposed stochastic bidding model can increase the bidding returns of micro-grid compared with the deterministic bidding model. Thirdly, considering the influence of various uncertainty factors on the optimization of micro-grid rotation standby, the uncertain distribution model of wind power, photovoltaic power, load, outage of generating unit and net power of microgrid is established. The optimization models of microgrid rotation standby in the mode of interconnection and islanding operation are constructed from the point of view of the economic efficiency and the reliability of isolated island operation respectively. The effectiveness of the proposed model is verified by an example of microgrid. Finally, based on the analysis of the control characteristics of wind power-storage independent power grid, a two-layer control strategy and its implementation framework for isolated island operation of wind power-storage independent power network are designed. It includes the power compensation control of the upper wide area power balance and the lower layer energy storage system, which minimizes the power network control cost in the upper wide area power balance control. The power compensation control of the lower layer energy storage system realizes the unbalanced power real-time tracking. The modeling and simulation of the South Australia power network verify that the two-layer control strategy can effectively maintain the voltage and frequency stability of the isolated island operation of the power network.
【学位授予单位】：华中科技大学
【学位级别】：博士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：TM732

【引证文献】