变电站电动刀闸状态监测及预警系统研究与应用

发布时间：2018-01-29 13:52

本文关键词： 隔离开关状态监测专家系统故障诊断状态检修　出处：《华南理工大学》2015年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：电力系统中的隔离开关即刀闸,是电力系统重要的电气设备。变电站的电动刀闸多为户外式,由于其机械传动机构直接暴露在空气中经受着日晒雨淋,受环境影响较大,平时操作次数较少,轴销、轴承等传动部位缺少润滑和相对运动,运行一段时间后,经常会出现传动机构锈蚀、卡涩现象。长期的操作卡涩会使隔离开关传动杆产生旋转角度损耗,造成分合闸不到位,易引起隔离开关接触不良,造成发热严重的安全隐患。随着传动机构锈蚀、卡涩严重时,将致使隔离开关不能分合闸操作,不仅出现隔离开关拒合、拒分、传动机构断裂等现象,还可能引起瓷瓶产生裂缝,甚至断裂,导致设备故障跳闸的严重后果。如广东电网某500kV变电站“4.10”事件及某500kV变电站“4.11”事件,均是由于针对刀闸隐患进行技术监控的手段不足,使刀闸的隐患未能及时发现,缺陷刀闸没有得到定期检修消缺,导致引发电力安全事件,造成了大面积停电。另外隔离开关运行中,除上述机械传动机构上存在的问题,还面临着电动操作机构行程开关不灵敏、传动齿轮断齿、机构位置检修调试不当、电机内部故障及电源缺相等问题,这些都将带来隔离开关分、合闸操作不稳定现象,给设备运行和维护造成极大的困难,无法满足系统安全运行的要求。目前,针对变电站变压器、断路器及容性设备的状态监测和状态检修已有大量研究成果,但对于隔离开关相关研究较少。为有效检测判断上述隔离开关存在的异常缺陷,确保隔离开关的正常分合闸操作的可靠性,迫切需要对隔离开关的机械传动机构和电动操作机构进行状态监测及预警。基于此,论文拟对电动刀闸的状态监测及预警系统进行研究与应用,将能够反映隔离开关异常缺陷信息的故障特征量动态数据和隔离开关的运行检修及台账等静态数据,作为隔离开关的状态监测数据。通过对状态数据的长期监测,并与隔离开关在正常工作状态和异常故障状况下的状态数据作对比分析,可判断隔离开关是否存在异常,实现隔离开关的状态评估。通过分析隔离开关状态数据的变化趋势,可预测故障发展趋势,最终实现隔离开关的状态检修,即在隔离开关故障将要发生之前做出主动检修决策,保证其健康水平,有效防止隔离开关操作中发生无法正常分合闸的突发问题,引起倒闸操作时间延长,甚至设备故障,给电网的安全稳定运行带来威胁。
[Abstract]:The isolating switch in power system, namely knife brake, is an important electrical equipment in power system. The electric knife brake of substation is mostly outdoor type, because its mechanical transmission mechanism is exposed directly to the air and is exposed to the sun and rain. Affected by the environment, usually less times of operation, shaft pin, bearing and other parts of the transmission lack of lubrication and relative movement, running for a period of time, often will appear transmission mechanism corrosion. The long-term operation will cause rotation angle loss of the isolating switch transmission rod, resulting in the opening and closing of the switch is not in place, easy to cause poor contact between the isolator and the switch. With the corrosion of transmission mechanism and serious jam, it will lead to the isolation switch can not open and close operation, not only the isolation switch refuse to close, refuse to separate, drive mechanism fracture and so on. Also may cause the porcelain bottle to produce the crack, even breaks. For example, the "4.10" event of a 500kV substation in Guangdong Power Grid and the "4.11" event of a 500kV substation. All of them are due to the lack of technical monitoring means for the hidden trouble of the knife brake, so that the hidden trouble of the knife brake can not be found in time, and the defective knife brake has not been regularly overhauled and eliminated, which leads to the electric power safety event. In addition, in addition to the problems in the mechanical transmission mechanism mentioned above, it is also faced with the insensitivity of the stroke switch of the electric operating mechanism and the tooth breaking of the transmission gear. The improper maintenance and adjustment of the mechanism, the internal fault of the motor and the lack of the power supply will bring about the phenomenon of the disconnecting switch and the unsteady operation of the switch, which will cause great difficulties to the operation and maintenance of the equipment. The system can not meet the requirements of safe operation. At present, there have been a lot of research results on condition monitoring and condition maintenance for transformer, circuit breaker and capacitive equipment in substation. In order to detect and judge the abnormal defects of the disconnector effectively and ensure the reliability of the normal switching operation of the disconnector. There is an urgent need to monitor and warn the condition of the mechanical transmission mechanism and the electric operating mechanism of the disconnector. Based on this, the paper intends to study and apply the condition monitoring and warning system of the electric knife brake. The dynamic data of fault characteristic quantity which can reflect the information of abnormal defect of isolating switch and the static data such as operation overhaul and bookkeeping of isolating switch will be realized. Through the long-term monitoring of the state data, and compared with the state data in the normal working state and abnormal fault condition of the disconnector. By analyzing the change trend of the state data of the disconnector, the trend of fault development can be predicted, and finally the condition maintenance of the disconnector can be realized. That is to make the active maintenance decision before the fault of the isolating switch will occur, to ensure its health level, to effectively prevent the emergency problem which can not be opened or closed normally in the operation of the isolator switch, and to cause the operation time of the switch to be prolonged. Even equipment failure, to the security and stability of the grid operation threat.
【学位授予单位】：华南理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：TM63

【相似文献】