电动出租车负荷模型及其充换电设施运营模式研究

发布时间：2018-02-07 15:31

本文关键词： 电动出租车充换电设施运营模式负荷模型优化配置　出处：《华南理工大学》2014年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：电动出租车作为电动汽车的应用类型之一，在国内外已得到一定程度的推广，起到了良好的节能减排示范带头作用，提高了民众对电动汽车的接受度。但是，电动出租车的充换电负荷及其充换电设施运营模式方面的研究存在着大量空白。本文详细研究了乘客的出行特性、区域热点分布、出租车路径选择、电池与充换电设施特性，考虑电动出租车的交接班限制，采用蒙特卡洛方法构建出租车乘客与电动出租车的随机巡游模型，利用迪杰斯特拉算法计算电动出租车的最短运营路径，从而得到了区域电动出租车充换电站的充换电负荷模型。本文以广州市某区域的电动出租车及其充换电站的运营为例，证明了所构建模型的可行性和有效性。在理想的（充换电设施充足的情况下）电动出租车负荷模型基础上，本文接着建立了考虑充换电设施限制的电动出租车负荷模型，得到加入充换电设施数量限制的充换电负荷与电价。仿真结果表明在不同的充换电模式下，，充换电设施限制对负荷曲线的影响是不同的：在快充模式下，充电设施限制有效减小了充电负荷对电网的冲击；在换电模式下，充电负荷曲线的斜率受限于换电设施数量与平均换电时间。最后，本文以电动出租车充换电站中充换电设施全寿命周期成本与出租车时间价值成本最低为目标函数，采用排队系统模型和油电价差的约束，构建了充换电设施的最优配置模型。高峰时段充换电设施配置的优化结果能够帮助实际运营过程中运营商对充换电设施配置的决策。
[Abstract]:As one of the application types of electric vehicles, electric taxis have been popularized to a certain extent at home and abroad, which has played a leading role in the demonstration of energy saving and emission reduction, and has increased the acceptance of electric vehicles by the public. There are a lot of gaps in the research of electric taxi charging and switching load and the operation mode of charging and switching facilities. In this paper, the travel characteristics of passengers, the distribution of regional hot spots, the path selection of taxis, the characteristics of batteries and charging facilities are studied in detail, and the switching restrictions of electric taxis are considered. Monte Carlo method is used to construct a random parade model between taxi passengers and electric taxis, and Dijstra algorithm is used to calculate the shortest operating path of electric taxis. This paper takes the operation of electric taxi and its charging power station in Guangzhou as an example to prove the feasibility and effectiveness of the model. On the basis of the ideal electric taxi load model, this paper establishes the electric taxi load model considering the limitation of the charging and switching facilities. The simulation results show that under different charging and switching modes, the effect of charging and switching device limitation on load curve is different: in fast charging mode, The limit of charging facilities can effectively reduce the impact of charging load on the power grid, and the slope of the charging load curve is limited by the number of facilities and the average switching time in the switching mode. Finally, this paper takes the lowest cost of life cycle and the lowest cost of taxi time as the objective function, and adopts the queuing system model and the restriction of the difference of oil and electricity price. The optimal configuration model of charging and switching facilities is constructed, and the optimal configuration results of charging and switching facilities during peak hours can help operators to make decisions on the configuration of charging and switching facilities in the actual operation process.
【学位授予单位】：华南理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：U469.72;TM910.6

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