脱硫塔高效除雾技术的研究

发布时间：2018-02-16 12:00

本文关键词： 湿法烟气脱硫传统板式除雾器静电除雾器旋风除雾器覆膜涂层　出处：《华北电力大学》2014年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：燃煤电厂湿法脱硫后的烟气中含有大量酸雾、石膏粒子以及少量其他的重金属微粒，如果不能有效去除，其将对后续设备造成腐蚀，对周围环境造成污染，对人体造成很大的危害，为了避免对湿法烟气脱硫后续设备的腐蚀和环境的污染，火电厂在湿法脱硫塔中都安装有脱硫除雾器。但是由于经济的快速发展，电力的消耗剧增，依靠燃煤为主的火力发电厂产生的污染也日益加重，而传统脱硫除雾器发展缓慢，除雾效率有限，尤其对微米级及亚微米级粒子几乎不能捕集的诸多弊端也日渐显现。因此，对脱硫塔高效除雾技术研究显得尤为重要。本文首先通过查阅文献资料综合介绍了传统板式除雾器除雾机理，结构特点，性能参数，影响因素和常见问题及原因，以及简要介绍了其他分离技术的原理，结构特性及现状。其次，在传统板式除雾器和其他分离技术的理论启示的基础上，结合气液的分离理论及湿法脱硫烟气的工况，提出了脱硫塔高效除雾技术并进行了深入研究：①对传统板式除雾器提出了改造内容并进行了模型构建和计算；②对板式除雾器进行了成垢机理、原因分析，，并提出了对板面覆膜或涂层防垢的思路；③受静电除雾（尘）技术的启发，提出静电除雾技术应用于湿法烟气除雾中，并对本体结构中重点影响高效的部分进行分析研究；④未来湿法脱硫大气量，高气速背景下使得旋风除雾技术有了广阔的应用空间，文章根据旋风分离技术相关的理论基础，对旋风除雾器的的本体重点部分进行了有关计算；⑤简要分析了湿式除尘和膜极板应用于湿法脱硫后烟气处理的优越特性和应用的可行性。最后，本文对高效除雾器和传统板式除雾器进行了原理，除雾效率，结构特点，环保及经济性方面的简要评价，并对脱硫塔除雾器的选择给出了相关建议，并展望了高效除雾技术在燃煤电厂应用中可为节能减排做出巨大贡献。
[Abstract]:The flue gas of coal-fired power plant after wet desulfurization contains a large amount of acid fog, gypsum particles and a small amount of other heavy metal particles. If it cannot be removed effectively, it will cause corrosion to the follow-up equipment and pollute the surrounding environment. In order to avoid corrosion and environmental pollution of the follow-up equipment for wet flue gas desulfurization, thermal power plants have installed desulfurization and mist remover in the wet desulfurization tower. However, due to the rapid development of economy, the consumption of electric power has increased dramatically. The pollution produced by coal-fired thermal power plants is becoming more and more serious, while the traditional desulphurization defogger is developing slowly, and the efficiency of removing fog is limited, especially for micron and submicron particles which can hardly be captured. It is very important to study the high efficiency defogging technology of desulphurizer. In this paper, the mechanism, structure characteristics, performance parameters, influencing factors, common problems and causes of the traditional plate demister are introduced, and the principles of other separation techniques are briefly introduced. Structural characteristics and current situation. Secondly, on the basis of the theoretical enlightenment of the traditional plate demister and other separation technologies, combined with the gas-liquid separation theory and the working conditions of the wet desulfurization flue gas, The high efficiency defogging technology of desulphurizer is put forward and the retrofit content of traditional plate demister is put forward. The model construction and calculation are carried out, and the scaling mechanism of the plate type mist remover is calculated. The reasons are analyzed. The paper also puts forward the idea of anti-fouling on the plate surface, which is inspired by electrostatic fogging (dust) technology, and puts forward the application of electrostatic de-fogging technology in wet flue gas defog. This paper also analyzes and studies the important parts of the body structure that affect the high efficiency. In the future, the large amount of wet desulfurization in the future makes the cyclone defog technology have a broad application space under the background of high gas velocity. According to the theoretical basis of cyclone separation technology, Based on the calculation of the main parts of the cyclone precipitator, the advantages of wet dust removal and the application of membrane plate in flue gas treatment after wet desulphurization are briefly analyzed and the feasibility of the application is also discussed. Finally, this paper gives a brief evaluation of the high efficiency, structure, environmental protection and economy of the high efficiency demister and the traditional plate demister, and gives some suggestions on the choice of the demister for the desulfurization tower. The application of high efficiency defogging technology in coal-fired power plants is expected to make a great contribution to energy saving and emission reduction.
【学位授予单位】：华北电力大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：X773

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