直驱式风电系统并网变流器及其控制策略研究

发布时间：2018-02-16 14:46

本文关键词： 变速恒频变流器控制策略爬山算法间接电流控制　出处：《河南理工大学》2014年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：众所周知,风无处不在,无时不在,不会随着时间的流逝而消失,因此风能是一种可再生能源,有着不可估量的潜在价值。因此建造大型的大容量的风力发电系统或风电场是很有必要的。随机科技的进步,各种各样的风电系统已经建成并投入到生产运行中,在这些风电系统中变速恒频发电模式得到了人们的认可,也逐渐取代了现有的发电系统而成为佼佼者。直驱式风电系统采用较低速度的PMSG,无需齿轮箱,提高了机组的可靠性,降低了噪声。电机的转子为永磁体结构,不必要借助励磁电源进行励磁,因此其工作效率高、寿命长、重量轻。因此直驱式风力发电系统已成为未来风电发展的趋势之一。而本文就是在众多学者研究的基础之上对直驱式风电系统中的变流器及其对应的控制策略进行了深入的研究。本课题所做的主要工作现归纳为如下几个方面:对不同类型的风电系统进行比较分析,综述了几种常用的风力发电系统,给出了它们的拓扑结构及其所涉及的发电机类型,定量的比较了这几种风电系统相同与不同与之处,分析彼此之间的利弊和适用范围,讨论了风机的发展趋势及今后的工作重点。这些工作和经验有着很高的参照价值,可以作为后人选择或研究风电系统的依据。为了研究风力发电系统的特点和对所设计的风电系统的性能进行验证。本论文对风电机组的每一块都进行了全面的分析研究,借助于各种参考资料推导出了各个部件的数学公式,例如风速的数学公式、永磁同步发电机在各种形态下的数学公式、整理器和逆变器的数学公式等。本文对1.2MW的直驱式变速恒频风电系统中的变流器进行了深入的研究,提出了一种适用与此系统的变流器方案,变流器使用二极管进行不可控整流+升压斩波电路+SVPWM逆变电路的拓扑结构。对原有的单重Boost升压变流电路进行了改进,提出了多重化并联升压变流电路,给出了系统的状态方程与控制策略,并对这种电路的输入电流纹波进行了分析。研究了几种典型的最大功率点追踪(mppt)调制算法,即基于风力机功率曲线的最大功率点跟踪控制、基于最佳叶尖速比的最大功率点跟踪控制、基于最佳转矩控制的极大功率点追踪控制和基于爬山搜索的最大功率点跟踪控制并在原有的爬山搜索算法的基础之上提出了一种新型的爬山算法,对原有爬山算法进行了改进,提高了最大功率的搜索速度与准确性。本文详细的研究了网侧逆变器间接电流调控方法和直接电流调控方案,结合1.2WM直驱式风电系统的特点本文采用直接电流控制策略对网侧逆变器进行控制。末尾,在Matlab里面编写了控制算法程序并搭建了风电机组中各个部件的模型,对变流器及其控制策略的可行性进行验证。结果表明:系统能够稳定运行、效率高、纹波小、满足风力发电系统对电压稳定性的要求,具有很好的实际应用价值。
[Abstract]:As everyone knows, the wind everywhere, at any time, and will not disappear with the passage of time, so the wind power is a kind of renewable energy, has a potential value immeasurable. Therefore the construction of large capacity of large-scale wind power generation system or wind farm is very necessary. The random progress of science and technology, a variety of wind power system completed and put into production and operation, in the wind power generation model of VSCF system has been recognized by the people, will gradually replace the existing power generation systems and become a leader. The low speed PMSG direct drive wind power system, no gearbox, improve the reliability of the unit, to reduce the noise. The motor rotor is a permanent magnet structure, not necessary to use the excitation power for excitation, so the high work efficiency, long service life, light weight. Therefore, direct drive wind power system has become the future development trend of wind power One. This paper is based on the research of many scholars on the control strategy of direct drive wind power converter system and its corresponding are studied. The main work done in this task are summarized as follows: a comparative analysis of different types of wind power system, summarizes several commonly used wind power system, generator type their topological structure and the quantitative comparison is given, these types of wind power system with the same and different points, advantages and disadvantages of each other and the scope of application, discusses the development trend of the fan and the focus in the future. These work and experience has a very high reference value you can choose, as later generations or study of wind power system. In order to study the characteristics of wind power generation system and the performance of wind power system design is verified. This thesis of wind turbine Each block are analyzed comprehensively, with the help of various reference derived mathematical formulas of each component, the mathematical formula such as wind speed, permanent magnet synchronous generator in all forms of mathematical formula, finishing device and inverter. The mathematical formula of 1.2MW converter in direct drive VSCF wind the electric system is studied, a method is presented and the system of inverter converter topology using diode rectifier + boost chopper circuit +SVPWM inverter circuit. On the original single Boost boost converter circuit is improved and proposed multiple parallel boost converter circuit. The equation of state and control strategy of the system is given, and the circuit input current ripple is analyzed. The maximum power point tracking (MPPT) of several typical modulation algorithm, which is based The maximum power point to the wind turbine power curve tracking control, maximum power point tracking control based on optimal tip speed ratio, maximum power point tracking control and optimal torque control of maximum power point tracking control and search in the original search algorithm based on a novel hill-climbing algorithm based on the original mountain climbing algorithm, improves the search speed and accuracy of maximum power. This paper studies the inverter indirect current control method and direct current control scheme, this paper combined with the characteristics of 1.2WM direct drive wind power system with direct current control strategy of grid side inverter. At the end, in the Matlab program the program of control algorithm and set up various parts of wind turbine model, verified the feasibility of the converter and its control strategy. The results of table Ming: the system can run steadily, with high efficiency and small ripple. It meets the requirements of the wind power system for voltage stability, and has a good practical application value.

【学位授予单位】：河南理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：TM614;TM46

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