一种基于锂电池精确电量监测系统的研究与设计

发布时间：2018-02-22 17:06

本文关键词： 锂电池开关电容放大器电量监测系统　出处：《电子科技大学》2014年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：锂电池即锂离子电池,可反复充电再循环的电池。这种新型清洁可再生的二次能源具有工作电压高、能量密度大、质量轻、内阻低、寿命长、无记忆性等优势,从而主要应用于消费类电子产品。受益于智能手机和平板电脑的迅猛发展,未来电动车电池的替代以及新能源汽车的广阔市场,锂电池的市场空间会进一步得到扩张。然而更安全高效的使用锂电池却需要进一步研究,受锂电池化学特性的限制,电池会出现老化、过充、过放等实际问题,如何最大限度的保护和使用锂电池成为当今社会的热门话题。本论文主要设计了基于锂电池应用的精确电量监测系统,并基于这个系统设计了其中电流监测模块的电路。首先,论文深入阐述了锂电池的工作原理、化学特性以及保护电路设计原理。这些特性是精确电量监测系统设计的物理原理核心。其次,针对精确监测锂电池电量的系统设计思想进行了阐述,并对系统顶层设计原理进行了深入分析。其中包括:瞬态判断、更新阻抗数据库、初始化参数值以及精确电量计算流程。然后,针对该系统中的电流监测模块设计出相关电路。其中包括:电流采样电路、低频振荡器、高频振荡器和数字控制电路。该电路通过在锂电池外部供电环路引入灵敏电阻来对电流进行采样,并使用时钟控制开关电容运算放大器和高速比较器来实现从模拟信号到数字信号的转换。低频振荡器和高频振荡器为该电路提供时钟信号。设计了流片后的电阻、电容修调电路,以提供准确的基准信号达到最佳的工作状态。最后,采用SMIC 0.13μm CMOS工艺,电源电压为2.5V,使用H-spice仿真软件对所设计的时钟和电流采样电路进行了整体仿真。其中,时钟包括低频振荡器、高频振荡器和数字逻辑电路,电流采样电路包括运算放大器、偏置电路和高速比较器。通过仿真结果可知,该系统的电流监测电路能够将采样电流精确模拟成数字信号输出,符合锂电池适用领域要求。
[Abstract]:The new clean and renewable secondary energy has the advantages of high working voltage, high energy density, light weight, low internal resistance, long life, no memory and so on. This is mainly used in consumer electronics. Thanks to the rapid development of smartphones and tablets, the future replacement of batteries for electric vehicles and the broad market for new energy vehicles, The market space for lithium batteries will be further expanded. However, the safer and more efficient use of lithium batteries will require further study. Due to the limitations of the chemical characteristics of lithium batteries, the batteries will have practical problems such as aging, overcharging, overdischarge, etc. How to protect and use lithium battery to the maximum extent has become a hot topic in the society. This paper mainly designs an accurate electricity monitoring system based on lithium battery application, and designs the circuit of current monitoring module based on this system. In this paper, the working principle, chemical characteristics and protection circuit design principle of lithium battery are described in depth. These characteristics are the core of the physical principle in the design of accurate electric quantity monitoring system. In this paper, the system design idea of accurately monitoring lithium battery quantity is expounded, and the design principle of the top layer of the system is analyzed in depth, including: transient judgment, updating of impedance database, Initialize the parameter value and calculate the accurate quantity of electricity. Then, the related circuit is designed for the current monitoring module of the system. The circuit includes: current sampling circuit, low frequency oscillator, High frequency oscillators and digital control circuits. This circuit samples the current by introducing a sensitive resistor into the external power supply loop of the lithium battery. A clock controlled switched capacitor operational amplifier and a high speed comparator are used to realize the conversion from analog signal to digital signal. The low frequency oscillator and high frequency oscillator provide the clock signal for the circuit. In order to provide accurate reference signal to achieve the best working state, the circuit is modified by capacitance. Finally, the designed clock and current sampling circuit is simulated by using H-Spice simulation software using SMIC 0.13 渭 m CMOS technology and 2.5 V power supply voltage. The clock includes a low frequency oscillator, a high frequency oscillator and a digital logic circuit. The current sampling circuit includes an operational amplifier, a bias circuit and a high speed comparator. The current monitoring circuit of the system can accurately simulate the sampling current into digital signal output, which meets the requirements of lithium battery application field.
【学位授予单位】：电子科技大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：TM912;TP274

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