基于DCS的电站锅炉系统的设计

发布时间：2018-02-25 00:15

本文关键词： DCS 锅炉三冲量 PID控制模糊控制理论　出处：《辽宁科技大学》2014年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：首先,本文介绍了DCS系统的特点、功能及发展趋势。通过对和利时公司的DCS系统的深入描述,引出了鞍钢集团公司一发电改造工程项目以及利时公司DCS系统的使用和控制方法。本课题以鞍钢集团公司能源动力管控中心一发电240吨锅炉改造工程项目DCS控制系统为背景,运用DCS的基础知识的介绍,详细阐明了设计和开发的过程,使读者对DCS控制系统有了初步的认知。从锅炉主要设备、控制系统的主给水调节、减温水调节、炉膛负压的DCS程序设计、现场DCS画面以及和利时软件的实现,详细介绍了和利时DCS系统在锅炉发电中控制系统中的充分应用。在实际工程中,由于主给水调节系统,调节器受汽包水位、蒸汽流量和给水流量三个信号的相互影响和作用,任何水位变化的扰动会使调节器的信号发生变化。故采用给水流量信号作为反馈信号,使调节器的水位在还未变化时,便根据前馈信号消除内扰的三冲量调节,避免了“虚假水位”对控制的影响,成功地实现对水量控制的精确和准确。减温水系统通过设置在低过热器和屏式过热器之间的一级减温水、设置在高过热器冷锻和热锻之间的二级减温水的监视,实现对减温水的准确控制。炉膛负压与锅炉的安全经济运行密切相关,压力过高易造成粉尘外泄,有引起爆炸的危险,压力过低则会造成风机耗电量增加。经过研究考虑引入引风机单PID调节,使炉膛压力保持适当值。在第四章首先对PID理论和模糊控制理论进行了简单的介绍,并使用模糊方法优化PID参数。最后,详细介绍了工业锅炉床温控制仿真模拟试验。通过仿真波形比较,得出使用模糊方法优化PID参数后较简单PID无论在超调时间、响应时间、稳态误差等指标方面控制结果更优的结论。
[Abstract]:Firstly, this paper introduces the characteristics, functions and development trend of DCS system. This paper introduces the power generation renovation project of Angang Group Company and the use and control method of DCS system in Lishi Company. The background of this project is the DCS control system of the power generation 240-ton boiler renovation project in the energy power control center of Anshan Iron and Steel Group Corporation. By introducing the basic knowledge of DCS, the process of design and development is explained in detail, which makes readers have a preliminary understanding of the DCS control system. The DCS program design of furnace negative pressure, the DCS picture on site and the realization of Hutchison software are introduced in detail. The full application of DCS system in boiler power generation control system is introduced in detail. In practical engineering, due to the main feed water regulation system, The regulator is affected and acted on by the three signals of drum water level, steam flow rate and feed water flow rate. Any disturbance of water level change will make the regulator signal change. Therefore, the feed water flow signal is used as feedback signal. When the water level of the regulator is not changed, it can be adjusted according to the three impulses of the feedforward signal to eliminate the internal disturbance, thus avoiding the influence of the "false water level" on the control. The control of water quantity is accurate and accurate successfully. The temperature reducing water system monitors the secondary temperature relief water between the cold forging and hot forging of the high superheater through the first stage desuperheating water between the low superheater and the screen superheater, The negative pressure of furnace is closely related to the safe and economical operation of the boiler, too high pressure will easily cause dust discharge, and there is a danger of explosion. If the pressure is too low, the power consumption of the fan will increase. The introduction of single PID regulation of the induced fan to keep the proper value of the furnace pressure is considered. In Chapter 4th, the PID theory and the fuzzy control theory are briefly introduced. Finally, the simulation experiment of industrial boiler bed temperature control is introduced in detail. Through the comparison of simulation waveforms, it is concluded that the fuzzy method can be used to optimize the parameters of PID, regardless of the overshoot time and response time. The conclusion that the control result is better in terms of steady-state error and other indexes.
【学位授予单位】：辽宁科技大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：TM621.2

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