基于三相逆变器的两相混合式步进电机伺服系统的研制

发布时间：2018-03-05 02:25

本文选题：两相混合式步进电机　切入点：三相逆变器　出处：《华南理工大学》2014年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：步进电机具有较高的定位精度、无位置累积误差，驱动电流小、功耗低、效率高、无刷，驱动器成本低，转矩体积比和转矩惯性比大等优点，在生活和生产的各领域中得到广泛应用。当前市面上步进电机产品主要以两相混合式步进电机为主，混合式步进电机综合了磁阻式步进电机和永磁式步进电机的优点。两相混合式步进电机的典型驱动拓扑多是双H桥，双H桥驱动使得电机绕组间的控制相对独立，动态特性好，尤其是高频特性较优，且效率也高，但是低频运行时，平稳性稍差，振动噪音大，且每相需要四个功率开关器件，成本较高，，该驱动拓扑专为两相交流电机设计，兼容性也较差。针对这些问题，本文从两个方面着手解决：其一，采用全数字化驱动控制，以简化电路设计；其二，采用标准化的驱动拓扑，节省硬件开发成本。若能利用通用的三相逆变器驱动两相混合式步进电机，使得两相和三相交流电机驱动兼容，从节省成本和产品归一化方面考虑是非常有意义的。本文通过深入研究步进电机的数学模型，将矢量控制理论和最大转矩电流比控制策略应用到两相混合式步进电机的控制中，并为三相逆变器控制两相交流电机设计了相应的SVPWM控制策略。为了验证该驱动拓扑以及相关控制策略的可行性和优越性，在MATLAB/SIMULINK环境下，构建了基于三相逆变器的两相混合式步进电机伺服系统仿真模型，仿真结果表明，该方案是可行的，且性能可相媲于双H驱动控制的性能。最后，为了通过实验验证该仿真结果，选择高性能DSP芯片TMS320F2811作为核心控制器，研制了基于三相逆变器的两相混合式步进电机全数字伺服硬件系统，并设计了相关的软件系统，实验表明该系统的高性能。
[Abstract]:Stepping motor has the advantages of high positioning accuracy, no position accumulation error, low driving current, low power consumption, high efficiency, brushless, low drive cost, large torque volume ratio and torque inertia ratio, etc. Widely used in various fields of life and production. At present, the main step motor products in the market are two-phase hybrid stepping motor. Hybrid stepping motor combines the advantages of magnetoresistive stepping motor and permanent magnet stepping motor. The typical driving topology of two-phase hybrid stepping motor is double H bridge, which makes the control between motor windings relatively independent and has good dynamic characteristics. Especially, the high frequency characteristic is better, and the efficiency is also high, but when running at low frequency, the stability is slightly worse, the vibration noise is large, and the cost is high because of the need of four power switch devices per phase. The drive topology is specially designed for the two-phase AC motor. The compatibility is also poor. This paper solves these problems from two aspects: first, using full-digital drive control to simplify circuit design; second, using standardized driver topology, If the two-phase hybrid stepping motor can be driven by a general three-phase inverter and the drive of the two-phase and three-phase AC motor is compatible, it is very meaningful to consider the cost saving and product normalization. In this paper, the vector control theory and the maximum torque / current ratio control strategy are applied to the control of the two-phase hybrid stepping motor by deeply studying the mathematical model of the stepping motor. The corresponding SVPWM control strategy is designed for the two-phase AC motor controlled by three-phase inverter. In order to verify the feasibility and superiority of the drive topology and the related control strategy, in MATLAB/SIMULINK environment, The simulation model of two-phase hybrid stepping motor servo system based on three-phase inverter is constructed. The simulation results show that the scheme is feasible and the performance can be compared with that of dual-H drive control. In order to verify the simulation result by experiment, the high performance DSP chip TMS320F2811 is selected as the core controller, and a two-phase hybrid stepping motor all-digital servo hardware system based on three-phase inverter is developed, and the related software system is designed. Experiments show that the system has high performance.
【学位授予单位】：华南理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：TM464;TM383.6

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