D-A型聚合物的合成及其光伏性能研究

发布时间：2018-03-05 14:38

本文选题：二萘并对称引达省　切入点：高开路电压　出处：《福州大学》2014年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：近些年来,聚合物太阳能电池因为具有质量轻、可大面积制备、成本低廉以及柔韧可弯曲等优点而引起了研究者的广泛关注,并成为研究热点。但受限于开路电压(Voc)较低、载流子迁移率低、吸收光谱与太阳光谱匹配差等因素,聚合物太阳能电池离实际应用还有一定的距离。引进给电子单体-吸电子单体(donor-Acceptor, D-A)共轭聚合物光伏材料能降低带隙,增强对红外区和近红外区太阳光的吸收,从而有利于提高太阳能电池器件的能量转换效率。梯形稠环芳烃具有低的最高占有分子轨道(highe st occupied molecular orbital, HOMO)能级和高空穴迁移率等优点,如果利用它们制备D-A共轭聚合物,将有助于提高相应光伏器件的Voc和短路电流密度(Jsc),最终提高聚合物太阳能电池的效率。本论文围绕二萘并对称引达省衍生D-A聚合物的设计合成、表征和光伏性能研究来展开工作。论文的第一章综述了聚合物太阳能电池的研究进展论文的第二章设计合成了二萘并对称引达省基给电子单体,并分别与4,7-二(5-溴-2-噻吩基)-2,1,3-苯并噻二唑、4,7-二(5-溴噻吩-2-基)-5,6-二(丁氧基)苯并噻二唑、5,6-二氟-4,7-二(5-溴-2-噻吩基)-2,1,3-苯并噻二唑和5,8-二(5-溴噻吩-2-基)-2,3-二苯基喹啉等吸电子单体通过Suzuki偶联反应聚合制备一系列共轭聚合物(PF11, PF12, PF13和PF 14)。利用核磁共振氢谱、核磁共振碳谱、高分辨质谱、元素分析仪对合成产物进行表征以确定其结构,采用凝胶渗透色谱表征聚合物的分子量和分子量分布,使用紫外-可见分光光度计和电化学工作站对目标聚合物的光学性能、电化学性能进行测试分析。结果表明,本研究所制备的四个聚合物都具有低的HOMO能级,范围为-5.59～-5.72 eV,光学带隙分别为1.96、2.00、2.02和2.09 eV,表明该类聚合物有潜力成为光敏活性材料应用于聚合物太阳能电池论文的第三章以合成的二萘并对称引达省衍生共聚物作为p型半导体材料,与富勒烯衍生物PC71BM混合制备本体异质结聚合物太阳能电池器件,通过调控活性材料的配比、活性层的厚度等方法来优化器件的光伏性能,使用太阳光模拟系统、原子力显微镜、空间电荷限制电流方法研究目标聚合物的结构与太阳能电池光伏性能的关系。结果表明：PF11和PF13分别与PC71BM混合制备的薄膜具有较大的空穴迁移率,分别为5.14×10-5和1.45×10-4 cm2/(Vs)。基于此四个聚合物的太阳能电池器件都具有良好的稳定性和高的开路电压值。其中,用PF11与PC71BM按质量比1：4混合制备的光伏器件性能最好,其效率达到3.07%, 同时Voc为0.99V,Jsc为7.85 mA/cm2,填充因子.为39.5%。论文的第四章和第五章初步探索了另外两个新型环戊二噻吩基和茚并芴基给电子单体的合成与光伏应用论文的第六章对本论文的主要研究成果进行了总结。
[Abstract]:In recent years, polymer solar cells have attracted wide attention due to their advantages of light weight, large area preparation, low cost and flexibility and bending. Due to the low carrier mobility and the mismatch between absorption spectrum and solar spectrum, the polymer solar cells are still far from practical application. The introduction of conjugated polymer photovoltaic materials, such as electron monomers, electron absorbent monomers (D-A), can reduce the band gap. The absorption of solar light in infrared and near infrared regions is enhanced, which is beneficial to improve the energy conversion efficiency of solar cell devices. The trapezoidal dense aromatic hydrocarbons have the advantages of low highest occupied molecular orbital occupied molecular orbital (HOMOA) energy level and high hole mobility. If they are used to prepare D-A conjugated polymers, It will be helpful to improve the Voc and short-circuit current density of photovoltaic devices and improve the efficiency of polymer solar cells. In the first chapter, the research progress of polymer solar cells was reviewed. In chapter 2, we designed and synthesized binaphthalene and gave electron monomers. And with 4H 7- dioxy 5- bromo-2-thiophenyl-2 thiophene 1, 3- benzothiadiazolium 4- 7- dioxothiophene-2-bromothiophene-5-(butanoxy)-benzothiadiazolium-6-difluorothiadiazolium-6-difluorothiadiazole-4-difluorothiophenyl-difluorothiophene-2-dithiophenyl-1-triphenyl-triazole and 58-dioxy-5-bromothiophene-2-butanediazole-5-bromothiophene-2-butanediazole-5-difluorothiadiazole. A series of conjugated polymers, such as PF11, PF12, PF13 and PF14, were synthesized by Suzuki coupling polymerization of iso-absorbent monomers. Nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR), high resolution mass spectrometry (HRMS) and elemental analyzer were used to characterize the molecular weight and molecular weight distribution of the polymer by gel permeation chromatography. The optical and electrochemical properties of the target polymer were tested and analyzed by UV-Vis spectrophotometer and electrochemical workstation. The results show that the four polymers prepared in this paper have low HOMO level. The range is -5.59 ~ 5.72 EV, and the optical band gap is 1.96 ~ 2.00 ~ 2.02 and 2.09 EV respectively, which indicates that this kind of polymer has the potential to be used as Guang Min active material in the solar cell of polymer. Chapter 3 uses the synthesized Dinaphthalene derivative copolymers as the derivative copolymers. Type p semiconductor material, Bulk heterojunction polymer solar cell devices were prepared by mixing with fullerene derivative PC71BM. The photovoltaic properties of the devices were optimized by adjusting the ratio of active materials and the thickness of active layers. The photovoltaic properties were optimized by means of solar light simulation system and atomic force microscope. The relationship between the structure of the target polymer and the photovoltaic properties of solar cells is studied by space charge limiting current method. The results show that the films prepared by mixing PC71BM with PC71BM have higher hole mobility. They are 5.14 脳 10 ~ (-5) and 1.45 脳 10 ~ (-4) cm ~ (-2) / V _ (sl) respectively. The solar cell devices based on these four polymers have good stability and high open-circuit voltage. Among them, the photovoltaic devices mixed with PF11 and PC71BM have the best performance according to the mass ratio of 1: 4. The efficiency is 3.07, and Voc is 0.99V, Jsc is 7.85 Ma / cm ~ 2, filling factor is 39.5.The chapter 4th and 5th of this paper preliminarily explore the synthesis and photovoltaic application of two other novel cyclopentylthiophene and ninhydrin fluorene donor monomers. Chapter six summarizes the main research results of this paper.
【学位授予单位】：福州大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：TM914.4

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