行波型旋转超声电机产业化中的若干关键技术研究

发布时间：2018-03-10 13:25

本文选题：旋转型行波超声电机　切入点：产业化　出处：《南京航空航天大学》2014年博士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：本课题是国家自然基金和广东联合基金项目“精密电子制造装备关键理论与技术研究”(No.U0934004)的子课题之一,研究对象是行波型旋转超声电机在产业化进程中的若干关键技术。行波型旋转超声电机是最具代表性的一类超声电机,在外部形状和输出方式等方面与传统电磁电机比较接近,而直接驱动的运行机理又使其具备了许多优良特性,是目前超声电机应用最广泛的一种,因而也是产业化前景最好的一类产品。超声电机作为多个学科交叉融合的高新技术产品,其发展历史相对较短,在产业化进程中还遇到许多问题。本文以研制高输出性能、低制造成本的超声电机为最终目标,深入研究了行波型旋转超声电机在产业化进程中的若干关键技术,主要研究内容及其成果概括如下:(1)分析了行波型旋转超声电机的运行机理,指出了超声电机在产业化进程中需要研究定子、驱动界面以及输出转矩的提高等方面的问题。(2)针对超声电机定子的机电耦合关系,应用有限元方法分析了定子的激励效果。通过行波型旋转超声电机两种典型定子的分析比较,总结了齿槽斜角对定子振动特性的影响。为解决定子批量制造中的两相工作频率一致性问题,分析了影响定子工作频率的动力学参数,提出了齿面径向倒角的调节频率方法。(3)为实现超声电机定子的批量生产,提出用先进电子制造中的回流焊方法代替传统的胶粘高温固化方法。根据定子一体化联接的实际要求,首次设计和搭建了超声电机定子的回流焊试验系统,完成了定子弹性体/压电陶瓷片的快速联接。试验研究了回流焊多个因素对焊接定子性能的影响,理论分析了直接关系到定子振动特性的联接层参数,还进一步研究了在六种焊料下焊接界面的力学性能与焊接后定子的振动特性,指出了影响焊接定子性能的主要因素之一是焊料材料。(4)根据超声电机工作时定子微幅/高频振动的特点,理论分析了超声电机驱动界面输出性能的影响因素,建立了基于表面形貌的等效刚度模型,总结了表面形貌参数对电机输出性能的影响,归纳了减小驱动界面粘着区从而增加输出性能的主要途径,首次发现了转子腹板刚度系数对驱动界面压力的影响。试验研究了交联超高分子量聚乙烯复合材料的改性制备对力学参数的影响。从表面形貌的等效刚度模型、摩擦材料层的剪切变形、转子刚度的组合匹配等理论方面进行了分析,探讨了驱动界面采用这种新型摩擦材料能够提高超声电机输出性能。(5)针对行波型旋转超声电机组合方式目前所存在的一系列问题,建立了双定/转子超声电机的轴向振动模型,论证了两组定/转子之间发生轴向振动耦合与振动能量传递的可能性。按照振动隔离理论,提出并研制了共阶梯轴双定/转子超声电机。通过对比实验证明了该电机与传统超声电机相比具有明显的优越性:在电机转速、瞬态特性等输出性能保持不变的情况下,输出转矩提高了80%,功率密度提高了43.1%。对于运转稳定的共阶梯轴双定/转子超声电机,研究了组合超声电机中的周向输出合成机理,建立了基于双路行波的周向输出模型,验证了超声电机对不同幅值、频率、相位的双路行波具有良好的容差性,基于双路行波的输出转矩合成效率始终高达90%。通过开展超声电机的真空、高/低温复合环境试验与振动环境试验,证明了本文自主研制的共阶梯轴双定/转子超声电机具备一定的极端环境适应性与较好的抗震能力,具有较高的生产和实用价值。
[Abstract]:This issue is to study the key theory and technology of precision electronic equipment manufacturing project of National Natural Science Fund and Guangdong fund "(No.U0934004) one of the sub topics, the research object is the key technology in the industrialization process of the traveling wave rotary ultrasonic motor. The sound of rotating motor is a kind of traveling wave type ultrasonic motor is the most representative and in terms of the external shape and output mode and traditional electromagnetic motor is relatively close, and the operation mechanism of direct drive and it has many excellent characteristics, is one of the most widely used ultrasonic motor, which is a kind of industrial products the best prospects. As a high-tech product, interdisciplinary fusion of ultrasound the motor, its development history is relatively short, many problems encountered in the process of industrialization. With the development of high performance ultrasonic motor output, low manufacturing cost as the ultimate goal, deep The research on several key techniques of the traveling wave type rotary ultrasonic motor in the process of industrialization, the main research contents and results are summarized as follows: (1) analyze the operation mechanism of traveling wave ultrasonic motor, the ultrasonic motor stator that need to study in the process of industrialization, and improve the output torque of the driving interface and other aspects of the problem. (2) according to the electromechanical coupling between the stator of ultrasonic motor, finite element method was applied to analyze the stator incentive effect. Through the analysis of two typical stator of traveling wave ultrasonic motor, summarizes the influence on the vibration characteristics of the stator cogging angle. In order to solve the stator frequency consistency problem of two-phase batch manufacturing, analysis the influence of kinetic parameters of stator frequency, frequency adjustment method is proposed. The radial tooth chamfer (3) for the realization of the ultrasonic motor is proposed for advanced batch production. High temperature adhesive curing method of reflow soldering method in electronic manufacturing. According to the actual requirements to replace the traditional stator connection integration, the first design and build the reflow test system of the ultrasonic motor, the quick connection of the elastic body / piezoelectric ceramics. Studied the effects of multiple factors on reflow welding performance of stator the theoretical analysis of the coupling layer is directly related to the parameters of stator vibration characteristic, the vibration characteristics are further studied the mechanical properties of welding interface in six kinds of solder and the welding of the stator, points out that one of the main factors affecting the welding performance of stator is solder material. (4) according to the ultrasonic motor stator / micro amplitude the high frequency vibration characteristics, analyzes theoretically the influence factors on the output performance of ultrasonic motor driving interface, was established based on the equivalent surface stiffness model, summarizes the surface topography parameters The impact of the number of the output properties of the motor, summed up the interfacial adhesion region so as to reduce the driving performance of the main way to increase output, for the first time found that the impact of the rotor stiffness coefficient of Web driven interface pressure. Experimental study on the crosslinking of UHMWPE composites modified preparation of mechanical parameters from the equivalent surface. Stiffness model, shear friction material layer deformation, analyzed the rotor stiffness matching theory, discusses the driving interface with this new type of friction materials can improve the performance of ultrasonic motor output. (5) according to a series of problems of traveling wave ultrasonic motor combination at present, established two / the axial vibration model of the rotor of the ultrasonic motor, demonstrates two groups of stator / rotor between the possibility of axial vibration coupling and vibration energy transfer. According to the vibration isolation theory, put forward And the development of the total stepped shaft double stator / rotor ultrasonic motor. By comparing the experimental results show that the motor with the traditional ultrasonic motor has obvious advantages in comparison: when the rotation speed of the motor, the transient characteristics of the output performance remains unchanged, the output torque is increased by 80%, the power density is higher 43.1%. for the stable operation of the ladder double axis stator / rotor ultrasonic motor, the ultrasonic motor in combination of circumferential synthesis mechanism output, established a dual traveling wave based on the week to verify the output model of ultrasonic motor in different amplitude, frequency, phase of dual traveling wave with high tolerance, the output torque of the synthesis efficiency of dual traveling wave is always high 90%. carried out by vacuum based on ultrasonic motor, high / low temperature composite environmental test and vibration test showed that the self-developed total stepped shaft double stator / rotor ultrasonic motor with a certain extreme The environmental adaptability and good anti-seismic ability are of high production and practical value.

【学位授予单位】：南京航空航天大学
【学位级别】：博士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：TM35

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