海岛配电网引入大容量储能系统关键技术研究

发布时间：2018-03-20 21:01

本文选题：储能系统　切入点：海岛配电网　出处：《福州大学》2014年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：近年来,储能技术快速发展,已受到社会的广泛关注。由于全国普遍存在海岛、偏远山区等配电网末端供电用户,而储能系统能够同时提供有功和无功支撑,稳定电网末端节点电压水平,提高配电变压器运行效率,增强配电网对新能源及分布式电源的接纳能力,并可在电网故障或检修时提供应急电源,因此是提高典型配电网末端可靠性和供电能力的有效技术手段之一。依托福建省电力有限公司电力科学研究院承担的科研项目《储能系统提高配电网末端供电能力的关键技术研究及应用示范》,论文以实现储能系统在海岛配电网的最优控制策略及工作模式为目标。主要工作是建立储能系统优化模型,根据模型的特点采用合适的算法求解储能系统功率输出问题,并对储能系统的工作模式进行研究。全文首先简要介绍了我国典型配电网末端供电存在的主要问题,以及国内外对储能系统及其提高配电网供电能力的相关研究。其次,描述了大容量储能电站的系统方案,主要由电池系统部分、能量控制系统部分、监控保护部分等组成。然后,研究了一种基于超短期电力负荷预测的大容量储能系统充放电控制策略。本文在总结了各类预测方法的后,根据海岛负荷的特点,最终选定负荷求导法、时间序列法和灰色预测法作为本文的预测方法,若三种单一预测方法预测精度未达到要求,采用最优权重法将三种方法组合起来以提高预测精度,算例的最终结果证明该模型的有效性。在得到超短期负荷预测数据的基础上,建立储能系统优化模型。电网的目标是负荷曲线尽可能的平坦,若将电网原有负荷和储能系统的输出功率作为一个整体,当作电网新的负荷,则储能系统建模的目标是使新的负荷曲线尽量平坦,故以负荷曲线的方差最小作为储能系统优化模型的目标函数；进一步地,采用有效集算法和遗传算法对储能系统优化模型的目标函数进行求解,模型求解的结果表明,有效集算法和遗传算法都可以用来解决全局最优化问题。最后,全面地探讨储能系统在海岛配电网的应用模式。大容量储能系统接入海岛10kV配电网共有四种工作模式：并网模式、离网模式、并网转离网模式、离网转并网模式,在不同工作模式下的控制策略不同；论文所采用的工作模式可以有效地提高海岛配电网的供电可靠性,论文最后采用故障模式后果分析法验证了该工作模式的正确性。
[Abstract]:In recent years, the rapid development of energy storage technology has been widely concerned by the society. Because of the prevalence of island, remote mountain areas and other distribution network end power users, and energy storage system can provide both active and reactive power support. It can stabilize the voltage level of the terminal node of the power network, improve the efficiency of the distribution transformer operation, enhance the acceptance ability of the distribution network to the new energy and distributed generation, and can provide the emergency power supply when the power network fails or overhauls. Therefore, it is one of the effective technical means to improve the reliability and power supply ability of typical distribution network. Relying on the research project of Fujian Electric Power Co., Ltd., the research project < energy storage system to improve the power supply capacity at the end of distribution network. Key Technology Research and Application demonstration of Force. The aim of this paper is to realize the optimal control strategy and working mode of energy storage system in island distribution network. The main work is to establish the optimization model of energy storage system. According to the characteristics of the model, a suitable algorithm is adopted to solve the power output problem of the energy storage system, and the working mode of the energy storage system is studied. Firstly, the main problems existing in the terminal power supply of the typical distribution network in China are briefly introduced in this paper. And domestic and foreign research on energy storage system and improving power supply ability of distribution network. Secondly, the system scheme of large capacity energy storage power station is described, which is mainly composed of battery system, energy control system, and so on. Then, a charge and discharge control strategy of large capacity energy storage system based on ultra-short-term power load forecasting is studied. After summarizing all kinds of forecasting methods, according to the characteristics of island load, Finally, load derivation method, time series method and grey forecasting method are selected as the forecasting methods in this paper. If the prediction accuracy of the three single forecasting methods is not up to the requirement, the optimal weight method is adopted to combine the three methods to improve the prediction accuracy. The final result of the example proves the validity of the model. On the basis of the ultra-short-term load forecasting data, the optimization model of energy storage system is established. The goal of the power network is to make the load curve as flat as possible. If the original load and the output power of the energy storage system are taken as a whole and regarded as the new load of the power network, the goal of the energy storage system modeling is to make the new load curve as flat as possible. Therefore, the minimum variance of the load curve is taken as the objective function of the energy storage system optimization model, and the effective set algorithm and genetic algorithm are used to solve the objective function of the energy storage system optimization model. Both the efficient set algorithm and the genetic algorithm can be used to solve the global optimization problem. The application mode of energy storage system in island distribution network is discussed in an all-round way. There are four working modes for large capacity energy storage system to connect to island 10kV distribution network: grid-connected mode, off-grid mode, grid-connected mode, off-grid mode, off-grid mode. The control strategy is different under different working modes, and the working mode adopted in this paper can effectively improve the power supply reliability of the island distribution network. Finally, the correctness of the work mode is verified by the fault mode consequence analysis method.
【学位授予单位】：福州大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：TM727

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