三峡—葛洲坝梯级水电站汛期分级优化调度研究

发布时间：2018-03-20 22:40

本文选题：三峡-葛洲坝梯级水电站　切入点：汛期　出处：《天津大学》2014年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：针对三峡-葛洲坝梯级水电站汛期水能水资源利用要求,综合考虑汛期三峡水库入库径流特征和三峡-葛洲坝梯级水电站间紧密的水力水量联系,开展三峡-葛洲坝梯级水电站汛期短期优化调度研究。研究通过多类型特性分析,提出不同泄流等级下的三峡-葛洲坝梯级水电站优化调度准则;并构建优化调度模型,利用遗传算法求得三峡-葛洲坝梯级水电站的优化调度方案和调度策略,研究成果可为实际调度提供决策支持。本文主要研究内容和结论如下:第一,详细分析和归纳三峡-葛洲坝梯级水电站的多类型特性。(1)在汛期,发电水头降低将引起三峡电站机组出力受阻,每台机组最大允许出力减幅超过50MW;(2)发电水头低于19.0m时,葛洲坝电站机组的发电效率将随发电水头降低而大幅度降低,最高降幅超过0.1/m;(3)相同葛洲坝水库坝前水位变幅引起的三峡水库尾水位变幅将随着三峡电站下泄流量的增加而逐渐减小;(4)在汛期,三峡电站和葛洲坝电站的最大发电泄流能力分别为30000m3/s和20000m3/s。第二,基于多类型特性分析成果,以梯级日发电量最大为目标,提出了三峡水库不同等级日均泄流条件下的梯级水电站优化调度准则。(1)日均泄流大于30000m3/s时,葛洲坝水库应依据关键水位值、初始库水位和三峡水库日泄流过程制定其反调节泄流过程;(2)日均泄流介于20000m3/s至30000m3/s之间时,葛洲坝水库应依据17.0m的发电水头制定其反调节泄流过程;(3)日均泄流小于20000m3/s时,葛洲坝水库应根据电站最大下泄能力和初始库水位等决策因素,按照出入库平衡方式和典型库水位过程制定反调节泄流过程。第三,综合考虑机组运行特性、水量平衡关系、库容库水位关系、下泄流量和尾水位关系等多类型约束条件,构建以发电量最大为目标的三峡-葛洲坝梯级水电站优化调度模型。模型采取遗传算法求解,并在种群初始化阶段嵌入调度准则提高寻优效率。第四,通过实例验证了三峡-葛洲坝梯级水电站汛期调度准则的正确性和有效性。结果表明:(1)日均下泄流量大于30000m3/s时,利用优化调度准则无需寻优可直接获得最优调度方案;(2)日均下泄流量小于30000m3/s时,嵌入优化调度准则的初始群体适应度值高,寻优速度更快,可获得更优调度方案;(3)与随机优化相比,嵌入优化调度准则的优化方案中,时段泄流和出力变化小,可减少机组启停频次,更符合实际调度要求。
[Abstract]:In view of the water energy resource utilization requirements of the three Gorges Gezhouba Cascade Hydropower Station in flood season, the characteristics of the inflow runoff of the three Gorges Reservoir during the flood season and the close connection of the hydraulic water volume between the three Gorges and Gezhouba Cascade Hydropower Station are considered synthetically. This paper studies the short-term optimal dispatching of three Gorges Gezhouba Cascade Hydropower Station in flood season. Through the analysis of multi-type characteristics, the optimal dispatching criteria of three Gorges Gezhouba Cascade Hydropower Station with different discharge grades are put forward, and the optimal dispatching model is constructed. Genetic algorithm is used to obtain the optimal dispatching scheme and dispatching strategy of the three Gorges Gezhouba Cascade Hydropower Station. The research results can provide decision support for practical dispatching. The main contents and conclusions of this paper are as follows: first, This paper analyzes and concludes in detail the multi-type characteristics of the three Gorges Gezhouba Cascade Hydropower Station. (1) in flood season, the reduction of generating water head will result in the hindrance of the generating capacity of the three Gorges Hydropower Station, and the maximum allowable output reduction of each unit is more than 50 MWzhuan2) when the generating head is less than 19.0m, The generating efficiency of the generating units of Gezhouba Hydropower Station will be greatly reduced with the decrease of water head. The maximum drop is more than 0.1% (m / m ~ (3)) the same change in the water level in front of Gezhouba reservoir will gradually decrease with the increase of the discharge of the three Gorges Power Station) during the flood season, and the change of the tail water level of the three Gorges Reservoir will gradually decrease with the increase of the discharge of the three Gorges Project. The maximum generation discharge capacity of the three Gorges Power Station and the Gezhouba Power Station are 30000m3 / s and 20000m3 / s, respectively. Second, based on the results of multi-type characteristic analysis, the maximum daily generation capacity of the cascade is the goal. It is put forward that when the average daily discharge of three Gorges Reservoir is greater than 300m3 / s, the key water level should be the key water level when the optimal operation criterion of cascade hydropower station under the condition of different grades of daily average discharge is greater than 300m3 / s. When the initial reservoir water level and the daily discharge process of the three Gorges Reservoir are defined as the reverse regulation discharge process, the daily average discharge is between 20000m3 / s and 30000m3 / s, and the Gezhouba reservoir should formulate its backregulation discharge process according to the 170m power head) when the daily average discharge is less than 20000m3 / s. According to the decision factors such as the maximum discharge capacity and the initial reservoir water level of the Gezhouba Reservoir, the backregulation discharge process should be formulated according to the equilibrium mode of entering and leaving the reservoir and the process of typical reservoir water level. Thirdly, considering the operation characteristics of the unit and the water balance relationship, In this paper, the optimal dispatching model of the three Gorges Gezhouba Cascade Hydropower Station, which aims at the maximum power generation, is constructed under the constraints of water level relation, discharge discharge and tail water level. Genetic algorithm is used to solve the model. The optimization efficiency is improved by embedding the dispatching criterion in the initial stage of the population. 4th. The correctness and effectiveness of the criterion for flood season operation of the three Gorges Gezhouba Cascade Hydropower Station are verified by an example. The results show that when the daily average discharge is greater than 30000m3 / s, The optimal scheduling scheme can be obtained by using the optimal scheduling criterion without direct optimization. When the daily average discharge is less than 300m3 / s, the initial group fitness of the embedded optimal scheduling criterion is higher and the optimization speed is faster. Compared with random optimization, the optimal scheduling scheme can reduce the frequency of unit start and stop, and meet the requirement of practical scheduling.
【学位授予单位】：天津大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：TV737

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