中广核红沿河核电站建设阶段人因失误问题研究

发布时间：2018-03-25 20:15

本文选题：核电站　切入点：核安全　出处：《东北大学》2014年硕士论文

【摘要】：人因失误管理在核电站全流程控制中有着十分广泛而重要的应用,包括系统设计、工程建造、机组调试和生产运行等各阶段。然而,长久以来人们对核安全关注的焦点仍然集中于系统设计和生产运行的控制,对核电站建设阶段的人因失误研究相对较少。核电站建设过程控制,作为核安全纵深防御五道防线的第一道防线,其人因失误问题的研究,有助于核安全屏障的有效运作,改善工业安全环境;有助于减少社会不良影响或认识上的偏差,继而为核电规模化、跨越式发展创造良好的内、外部环境。本文以红沿河核电站建设为提托,中广核工程安全管理为研究对象,探讨并致力于解决以下几个方面的问题:首先,提出并界定核电站建设阶段人因失误的内涵,确立人因可靠性的定性和定量分析方法,同时介绍核电站安全质量管理的先进理念与方法;其次,重点梳理核电站建设阶段的不安全行为,以安全、质量管控为着眼点,使用人因失误管理理论对人因失误进行科学统计与分类;第三,从核岛作业环境、施工作业管理和人因预防管理体系等方面展开根本原因分析,并就人因可靠性分析方法的使用、根本原因分析模型的构建进行应用说明;最后,针对根本原因,提出解决和改善的一整套方法与理论,为同类核电站建设的人因失误管理提供借鉴。
[Abstract]:Human error management has a wide range of important applications in the whole process control of nuclear power plant, including system design, engineering construction, unit commissioning and operation, etc. However, For a long time, the focus of attention on nuclear safety is still focused on the control of system design and production operation, and there is relatively little research on human error in the construction stage of nuclear power plant. As the first line of defence of the five lines of defence against nuclear safety, the study of human errors contributes to the effective operation of the nuclear safety barrier and to the improvement of the industrial safety environment, and helps to reduce the adverse effects of society or deviations in understanding. Then it creates a good internal and external environment for the large-scale and leap-forward development of nuclear power. This paper takes the construction of the Hongyan River nuclear power station as its support, and the safety management of the Zhongguang nuclear project as the research object, and discusses and devotes itself to solving the following problems: first of all, This paper puts forward and defines the connotation of human error in nuclear power plant construction stage, establishes the qualitative and quantitative analysis methods of human factor reliability, and introduces the advanced concepts and methods of nuclear power plant safety and quality management. Secondly, Focusing on the unsafe behavior in the nuclear power plant construction phase, taking safety and quality control as the focus, using the theory of human error management to carry out scientific statistics and classification of human error; third, from the nuclear island operating environment, The fundamental cause analysis is carried out in the aspects of construction operation management and human factor prevention management system, and the application of the method of human factor reliability analysis and the construction of the root cause analysis model are explained. This paper puts forward a set of methods and theories for solving and improving the management of human error in the construction of similar nuclear power plants.
【学位授予单位】：东北大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：TM623.8

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