永磁同步电动机电磁—机械应力耦合场的研究

发布时间：2018-03-30 15:33

本文选题：永磁同步电机　切入点：电磁场　出处：《华北电力大学》2015年硕士论文

【摘要】：永磁同步电机转子内装有永磁体,转子冲片上开有大量隔磁槽,有时为了拥有自起动能力,转子表面上还要安装鼠笼导条,进一步削弱了转子机械强度。电机工作在多物理耦合场条件下,运行时受到电磁力、热应力和离心力等机械应力作用,特别是转速高达每分钟几万甚至十几万转的高速永磁电机,转子叠片和永磁体会受到巨大离心力,转子强度问题更为严重。为了校核在多物理场环境的综合应力作用下,永磁同步电机转子结构是否满足机械强度、塑性要求,本文以一台22kW自起动永磁同步电动机(Line-start Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motor,LSPMSM)和一台11kW高速永磁电机为例,对转子电磁-机械应力耦合场进行了深入地研究。首先,进行了永磁同步电机电磁场有限元分析。在ANSOFT Maxwell中建立LSPMSM和高速永磁同步电动机2D电磁场有限元模型,对LSPMSM空载起动、负载起动、堵转及过载失步过程的动态特性和高速永磁同步电动机空载运行的稳态特性进行了仿真计算。其次,简单介绍了应力场的基本理论,包括应力、应变的基本概念,强度理论以及弹性模量、泊松比、屈服极限等材料力学性能的主要指标,并从理论上分析了永磁同步电机运行时转子受力情况。然后,对LSPMSM不同工况下的应力场进行了仿真分析。基于LSPMSM的电磁场仿真模型及计算结果,通过Workbench耦合平台对其空载起动、负载起动及过载失步过程的应力场进行了计算,得到了电机转子在极端情况下的应力和变形。最后,基于高速永磁同步电动机的电磁场仿真模型,将其稳态电磁场计算结果耦合到应力场,结合材料力学特性,计算转子上的应力分布,校核永磁体护套的结构强度,该计算方法可用于高速电机的样机设计中。
[Abstract]:Permanent magnet is installed in the rotor of permanent magnet synchronous motor, and a large number of flux isolation slots are opened on the rotor punch. Sometimes, in order to have the ability of self-starting, the rodent cage guide bar is installed on the rotor surface, which further weakens the mechanical strength of the rotor.Rotor laminations and permanent magnets will be subjected to a large centrifugal force, and the rotor strength problem is more serious.In order to check whether the rotor structure of PMSM meets the requirements of mechanical strength and plasticity under the comprehensive stress of multi-physical field environment,In this paper, a 22kW self-starting permanent magnet synchronous motor (Line-start Permanent Magnet Synchronous motor LSPMSM) and a 11kW high-speed permanent magnet motor are taken as examples to study the electromagnetic-mechanical stress coupling field of the rotor.Firstly, the electromagnetic field of permanent magnet synchronous motor (PMSM) is analyzed by finite element method.The finite element model of 2D electromagnetic field of LSPMSM and high speed permanent magnet synchronous motor (PMSM) is established in ANSOFT Maxwell, and the LSPMSM is started without load and load.The dynamic characteristics of shutoff and overload out-of-step process and the steady-state characteristics of high-speed permanent magnet synchronous motor (PMSM) in no-load operation are simulated and calculated.Secondly, the basic theory of stress field is briefly introduced, including the basic concepts of stress and strain, the theory of strength and the main indexes of mechanical properties of materials, such as elastic modulus, Poisson's ratio, yield limit, etc.The rotor force of PMSM is analyzed theoretically.Then, the stress field of LSPMSM under different working conditions is simulated and analyzed.Based on the electromagnetic field simulation model of LSPMSM and its calculation results, the stress fields in the process of no-load starting, load starting and overloading out-of-step are calculated through the Workbench platform, and the stress and deformation of the motor rotor in extreme cases are obtained.This method can be used in the prototype design of high speed motor.
【学位授予单位】：华北电力大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：TM341

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