变电站主设备工况音频监控系统

发布时间：2018-04-02 06:50

本文选题：音频监控　切入点：变电站　出处：《长沙理工大学》2014年硕士论文

【摘要】：随着我国智能电网建设的不断推进,国内大部分地区220kV以下的变电站已经基本实现了无人值守。同时,得益于IEC61850标准的推广,变电站的网络通信条件得到了很大改善。作为电网的核心节点,变电站地位重要。为确保其在无人值守条件下仍能安全稳定运行,有必要对其一次设备进行持续监控。论文采用听声音判断设备运行状态的原理设计了一套音频监控系统,能够实现对变电站主要设备工况的实时监控。系统可实现设备运行音频的多通道采集,并能通过以太网将音频数据发送到设置在远程集控中心的音频监控主机进行分析,判断设备的运行状态。论文基于对变电站运维模式、通信条件等实际情况的分析,结合系统的功能要求,阐述了系统的总体设计方案。随后详细介绍了系统的软硬件设计方案。在系统硬件设计方案中,论文着重介绍了以DSP为主控芯片的数据采集器的设计,包括各功能模块的元件选择与电路设计,并给出了利用Protel绘制的电路原理图。同时介绍了音频传感器的设计与安装,以及监控主机的选择。在系统软件设计方案中,论文则主要介绍了网络通信模块和音频数据分析模块软件的开发,包括以太网控制芯片RTL8019AS的驱动程序、嵌入式TCP/IP协议栈的实现程序、音频特征参数MFCC的提取程序等功能程序的设计,其中重点介绍了用于以太网通信的各层协议的选择与嵌入式实现。鉴于MFCC的提取是音频数据库训练和异常音频识别的重要环节,论文以现场实录的变压器运行时的音频为例,基于Matlab对音频的分析及其MFCC的提取过程进行了仿真。论文的最后介绍了系统在厦门电业局所辖四个变电站的试点安装与调试过程。论文为变电站主设备工况音频监控系统的实现提供了完整的设计方案。系统通过对一次设备运行时内部发出音频的采集和分析可以有效实现对其工况的持续监控,能够适应无人值守变电站的运维模式,且其数据传输方式与变电站现有的通信网络相兼容。另外,论文通过对变压器音频的分析和MFCC提取,找出了该设备音频信号的特点及其MFCC提取的相关影响因素。
[Abstract]:With the continuous development of smart grid construction in China, substations below 220kV have basically been unattended in most areas of the country. At the same time, thanks to the promotion of IEC61850 standards, The network communication condition of substation has been greatly improved. As the core node of power network, substation is very important. In order to ensure its safe and stable operation under unattended condition, It is necessary to monitor its primary equipment continuously. A set of audio monitoring system is designed based on the principle of hearing sound to judge the running state of the equipment. The system can realize the multi-channel acquisition of the equipment running audio, and can send the audio data to the audio monitoring host set in the remote centralized control center through Ethernet for analysis. Based on the analysis of substation operation and maintenance mode, communication conditions and other actual conditions, combined with the functional requirements of the system, the paper analyzes the operation status of the equipment. This paper describes the overall design scheme of the system, and then introduces the hardware and software design of the system in detail. In the hardware design of the system, the paper focuses on the design of the data acquisition device with DSP as the main control chip. It includes the component selection and circuit design of each functional module, and gives the circuit schematic diagram drawn by Protel. At the same time, the design and installation of audio sensor and the selection of monitoring host are introduced. The paper mainly introduces the software development of network communication module and audio data analysis module, including the driver of Ethernet control chip RTL8019AS and the realization program of embedded TCP/IP protocol stack. The design of function programs such as the extraction program of audio feature parameter MFCC and so on, in which the selection and embedded implementation of each layer protocol used for Ethernet communication are emphatically introduced. In view of the fact that MFCC extraction is an important link in the training of audio database and the recognition of abnormal audio, The paper takes the audio frequency recorded in the field as an example. The analysis of audio frequency based on Matlab and the process of MFCC extraction are simulated. Finally, the process of installation and debugging of the system in four substations under Xiamen Electric Power Bureau is introduced. The realization of the monitoring system provides a complete design scheme. The system can effectively realize the continuous monitoring of the operating conditions through the collection and analysis of the audio emitted from the inside of the primary equipment. It can adapt to the operation and maintenance mode of unattended substation, and its data transmission mode is compatible with the existing communication network of substation. In addition, through the analysis of transformer audio frequency and MFCC extraction, The characteristics of audio signal and the related factors of MFCC extraction are found out.
【学位授予单位】：长沙理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：TM76;TM63

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