叶轮设计对吸油烟机风机系统风量及噪声的影响研究

发布时间：2018-04-18 04:15

本文选题：吸油烟机 + CFD　；参考：《浙江大学》2014年硕士论文

【摘要】：在目前国内吸油烟机市场中,巨大的商机与激烈的行业竞争并存,各吸油烟机的品牌关注度相近。由于各品牌吸油烟机的性能相近,进一步提高吸油烟机的性能表现和品质有助于增强产品的市场竞争力。调查显示,使用人群在采购吸油烟机时的两个最重要考量因素分别为风量和噪声。吸油烟机产品的不断发展,也对其风量提高和噪声降低提出了更高要求。优化目标方面,目前的风机优化研究多集中于风机风量、效率或噪声等单方面性能的提升,并且往往以其他方面性能的牺牲为代价,已有的多目标研究通常选取风量和效率作为优化目标；优化设计方面,大量研究基于现有的风机产品进行改良,设计改进空间有限。本文课题来源于校企合作项目,目标是在提升风量的同时,降低气动噪声。为提高吸油烟机产品的设计改进空间,本文设计了吸油烟机风机系统的初始模型,基于计算流体力学(Computational Fluid Dynamics)仿真分析工具,用正交实验的方法分析研究风机结构参数对吸油烟机风机系统的风量和噪声的影响并进行结构优化设计,提升了风机性能,分析了叶轮各结构参数对于风量和噪声的影响机理,并提出了运用这些机理优化设计风机系统的方法。首先,针对产品对于风量和噪声的优化要求,采用独立参数经验设计方法,对风机进行包括蜗壳气动设计、叶轮气动设计和进气装置设计在内的初始参数设计,在UG中完成实体建模和装配,获得风机系统的初始模型。其次,探寻吸油烟机风机系统的数值模拟方法,在ICEM CFD中实现风机流道的网格划分,在CFX中完成风机系统的旋转模拟仿真计算,并通过对比初始模型的仿真结果和原有产品的实测数据,分析仿真分析模型的有效性、合理性。再次,安排模拟正交试验,通过直观分析得到叶轮各结构参数对于风量、噪声影响的极差,通过采用综合平衡法和综合评分法,确定对于双目标最优的叶轮结构参数组合方案,通过对优化后的叶轮进行仿真实验,验证其已达到优化设计目标,风机系统风量和噪声表现得到提升。然后,通过因素指标分析,得到不同叶轮结构参数下的风机风量,在Matlab中实现不同结构参数与风量的单因素影响关系描述,通过对比观察不同结构参数下速度矢量图、速度云图、涡流云图和压力云图的变化,发现导致风量下降的摩擦损失、内循环现象和尾迹现象,结合出口速度三角形模型、相对涡流模型、影响关系拟合曲线,分析叶轮各结构参数对风机系统风量的影响机理。最后,讨论吸油烟机风机系统空气动力噪声源构成；基于Proudman噪声理论研究强前弯叶片的涡流噪声特性；研究旋转噪声特性,包括基频旋转噪声与整体噪声对比以及叶轮结构参数对旋转噪声的影响机理；分析四极子源噪声的分布规律。本文优化得到的吸油烟机风机系统模型达到设计目标,通过双目标优化方法提升了研究对象的风量和噪声表现；研究过程中得到的分析结果可为吸油烟机风机系统核心技术的开发提供理论和数据支持,有助于提高并改善强前弯多叶离心式风机的开发效率和设计效果。
[Abstract]:In the current domestic range hood market , the huge business opportunities coexist with the fierce competition , and the brand of each range hood is similar . The research shows that the two most important consideration factors for the range of the range and the noise of the range hood are the air quantity and the noise .
In terms of optimization design , a great deal of research is based on the improvement of the existing fan products , and the design improvement space is limited .

Based on computational fluid dynamics simulation analysis tool , this paper designs an initial model of the fan system of range hood . Based on the computational fluid dynamics simulation analysis tool , the influence of the parameters of the fan structure on the air volume and noise of the fan system of the range hood is analyzed and the structure optimization design is carried out to improve the performance of the fan . The influence mechanism of the parameters of the impeller on the air volume and noise is analyzed , and the method of optimizing the design fan system by using these mechanisms is proposed .

First , aiming at the optimization requirements of air volume and noise for the product , an independent parameter empirical design method is adopted to design the fan , including the aerodynamic design of the volute , the aerodynamic design of the impeller and the design of the air inlet device , and the entity modeling and assembly are completed in UG to obtain the initial model of the fan system .

Secondly , the numerical simulation method of the fan system of the range hood is explored . In the ICEM CFD , the grid division of the fan flow passage is realized , the simulation calculation of the rotation simulation of the fan system is completed in CFX , and the validity and rationality of the simulation analysis model are analyzed by comparing the simulation results of the initial model and the measured data of the original product .

Thirdly , the simulation orthogonal test is arranged to obtain the extremely poor influence of each structural parameter of the impeller on the air volume and the noise by means of an intuitive analysis . By adopting the comprehensive balance method and the comprehensive scoring method , the optimization design objective is determined by simulating the optimized impeller , and the air volume and the noise performance of the fan system are improved .

Then , through the analysis of the factor indexes , the air quantity of the fan under different impeller structure parameters is obtained , and the single factor influence relation description of different structural parameters and air volume is realized in Matlab , the friction loss , the inner circulation phenomenon and the wake phenomenon caused by different structural parameters are observed , and the influence mechanism of the structural parameters of the impeller on the air volume of the fan system is analyzed by combining the outlet velocity triangle model and the relative vortex model and influencing the relation fitting curve .

Finally , the air power noise source of the fan system of the range hood is discussed .
Research on the Characteristics of Eddy Current Noise Based on Proudman Noise Theory
The rotating noise characteristics are studied , including the comparison of the fundamental frequency rotation noise with the whole noise and the influence mechanism of the impeller structure parameters on the rotating noise ;
The distribution law of four - pole sub - source noise is analyzed .

In this paper , the model of the fan system of the range hood is designed to achieve the design goal , and the air volume and noise performance of the object are improved by the double objective optimization method .
The analysis results obtained during the research can provide theory and data support for the development of the core technology of the fan system of the range hood fan , and help to improve and improve the development efficiency and the design effect of the centrifugal fan of the strong front bent multi - blade centrifugal fan .

【学位授予单位】：浙江大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：TM925.57

【参考文献】