双馈异步风力发电机故障预警与诊断方法的研究

发布时间：2018-05-07 20:30

本文选题：风力发电 + 双馈异步风力发电机　；参考：《华北电力大学》2014年硕士论文

【摘要】：变速恒频风力发电技术自诞生后发展迅猛,迅速占据风力发电行业的主流地,解决了长期以来困扰风力发电领域的最大间题,即如何在多变的环境风速条件下得到稳定的电能输出。作为变速恒频风力发电技术的核心设备双馈式异步发电机,以其特定的电磁结构与运行控制策略,在风轮捕获风能转化为机械能,经由传动系统带动其转轴变速运行的同时,向电网输出稳定的电功率。双馈异步风力发电机的出现,不仅大幅提高了风力发电的电能质量,同时也大大提高了风力发电机组与电网的运行的安全性。相较于传统火力发电行业的汽轮发电机,双馈异步风力发电机在几何尺寸上小得多,这是很直观的印象。当更加深入的分析它们机械结构、电磁关系、控制策略等方面,会发现不仅仅局限于几何尺寸,双馈异步风力发电机与汽轮发电机在各方面都有所不同。通过一些的风力发电厂的运行记录,我们能发现一些发电机常见的故障,但也有一些故障是双馈异步风力发电机独有的。目前已经成熟的汽轮发电机状态监测与故障诊断技术,虽然对双馈异步风力发电机的状态监测与故障诊断有很多可以借鉴与参考的地方,但并不完全适用。本文在总结前人对于发电机这一设备的状态监测与故障诊断的研究基础之上,结合双馈异步风力发电机的特点与实际运行工况,研究了适用于双馈异步风力发电机的状态监测与故障诊断技术。本文主要研究内容为： (1)详细阐述了变速恒频风力发电技术的工作原理及工作特性。从组织结构、电磁关系、等效电路等多个方面对双馈异步风力发电机进行了细致剖析。理清双馈异步风力发电机监测参数之间的耦合关系。 (2)对现有的发电机故障分类体系进行分析,结合双馈异步风力发电机的特点及电厂运行的历史记录,对双馈异步风力发电机的故障进行整理。针对典型性故障从故障产生原因、发展、影响以及产生的后果这一过程进行机理分析,完整的列出所分析的故障影响的运行参数变化情况。 (3)简要分析了阶比重采样技术在风电机组变工况运行特点的适用性。针对分析得出的在线监测参数,对有必要进行重采样的信号进行变换,排除变工况对信号产生的影响。对经过处理的所有信号进行对应的处理,对各类故障各参数变化征兆进行融合,形成一个整体的故障识别体系。
[Abstract]:Since the birth of the variable speed constant frequency wind power technology, it has developed rapidly and occupied the mainstream of the wind power industry, and solved the biggest problem that has plagued the field of wind power generation for a long time. That is, how to get stable power output under the condition of changeable environmental wind speed. As the core equipment of variable speed constant frequency wind power generation technology, doubly-fed asynchronous generator, with its special electromagnetic structure and operation control strategy, is used to capture wind energy and convert wind energy into mechanical energy, and drive its rotating shaft to change speed through transmission system. Output steady electrical power to the power grid. The emergence of doubly-fed asynchronous wind generators not only greatly improves the power quality of wind power generation, but also greatly improves the security of wind turbine and power grid operation. Compared with traditional steam turbine generators, doubly-fed asynchronous wind turbines are much smaller in geometry, which is an intuitive impression. When we analyze their mechanical structure, electromagnetic relationship, control strategy and so on, we can find that they are not limited to geometry, but are different between doubly-fed asynchronous wind generator and turbogenerator. Through some records of wind power plants, we can find some common faults of generators, but there are also some faults that are unique to doubly-fed asynchronous wind turbines. At present, the status monitoring and fault diagnosis technology of turbogenerator is mature. Although there are many references for the condition monitoring and fault diagnosis of doubly-fed asynchronous wind turbine, it is not completely applicable. On the basis of summarizing the previous researches on the condition monitoring and fault diagnosis of the generator, this paper combines the characteristics of the doubly-fed asynchronous wind turbine and the actual operating conditions. The condition monitoring and fault diagnosis technology for doubly-fed asynchronous wind turbine is studied. The main contents of this paper are as follows: The principle and characteristics of variable speed constant frequency wind power generation technology are described in detail. The structure, electromagnetic relation and equivalent circuit of doubly-fed asynchronous wind turbine are analyzed in detail. The coupling relationship between the monitoring parameters of doubly-fed asynchronous wind turbine is clarified. 2) analyzing the existing fault classification system of generator, combining the characteristics of doubly-fed asynchronous wind turbine and the historical record of power plant operation, sorting out the faults of doubly-fed asynchronous wind generator. This paper analyzes the mechanism of the typical fault from the cause, development, influence and consequence of the fault, and lists the variation of the operation parameters of the fault. The applicability of step specific gravity sampling technology in wind turbine operation under variable operating conditions is briefly analyzed. According to the on-line monitoring parameters obtained from the analysis, the signal which is necessary to resampling is transformed to eliminate the influence of the variable working conditions on the signal production. All the processed signals are processed and all kinds of fault parameters are fused to form a whole fault identification system.
【学位授予单位】：华北电力大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：TM315

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