宝钢电厂4号机组重要辅机RB实验故障分析与解决策略研究

发布时间：2018-05-15 03:03

本文选题：电厂 + 辅机　；参考：《东北大学》2015年硕士论文

【摘要】：自1875年世界上首座火力电厂的建成以来,标志着全世界火力发电进入到一个新时代。随着发电机、汽轮机制造实验的完善,输变电实验的改进,特别是电网系统的扩展以及社会电气化对电能的需求,20世纪以后,火力发电进入大发展的时期,火力发电机组的容量由几个千瓦级提高到几十兆瓦,目前世界上最大的火电机组已达1750兆瓦(芬兰)。大机组、大电厂使火力发电的热效率大为提高,每千瓦的建设投资和发电成本也不断降低,高效、节能及环保已成为火力发电机组追求目标。宝钢电厂4号机组是国际上首台BFG煤气混烧的直流正压炉,为亚临界、一次再热、直流、微正压、塔式锅炉单元制汽轮发电机组。锅炉采用日立德国巴布科克动力公司的产品。整个机组工艺特点、辅机配置状况国内外绝无仅有,其重要辅机故障解决功能(即RUNBACK功能)也就与常规机组截然不同,没有成熟的实验可以参考借鉴。本文在强化机组重要辅机状态管理的同时,基于机组快速减负荷自动控制功能(RUNBACK,简称RB功能)实验,重点进行机组重要辅机故障解决策略研究,在保证机组部分负荷安全稳定运行上取得了一些功能功能试验结果。RB逻辑采用了以重要辅机跳闸所引起的负荷瓶颈为中心,以能量平衡为基础的方式调节负荷。RB发生后机组进入汽机跟随模式,锅炉燃烧通过FSSS粗调,MCS不进行燃烧细调,汽轮机根据机前压力来调整机组负荷,使机组平稳地将负荷降低到与负荷瓶颈点相适应的水平,各参数自动调节,自动达到新的稳态。通过试验表明这种新的控制策略是非常成功的,达到了非常良好的控效果,试验过程和结果得到了运行人员的高度赞扬,基于新型的控制策略和良好的控制结果测算出非常可观的经济效益,此次RB功能达到了国内350MW机组的领先水平。今后需要投入机组所有5项RB功能,为机组安全稳定运行提供可靠保障。使4号机组具备了解决重要辅机故障的功能。同时在机组发生RB异常工况时,对燃烧器切除、燃料混烧比研究、高低热值切换、给水异常控制、减温水异常控制等方面取得了突破,在顺利完成机组RB功能开发的同时,也取得一系列的实验创新成果。
[Abstract]:Since the completion of the world's first thermal power plant in 1875, the world's thermal power plant has entered a new era. With the consummation of generator and turbine manufacturing experiment, the improvement of transmission and transformation experiment, especially the expansion of power grid system and the demand for electric energy by social electrification, thermal power generation has entered a period of great development since the 20th century. The capacity of thermal power generating units has increased from several kilowatts to dozens of megawatts, and the world's largest thermal power unit has reached 1750 megawatts (Finland). The thermal efficiency of thermal power generation has been greatly improved, and the construction investment and power generation cost per kilowatt have been continuously reduced. High efficiency, energy saving and environmental protection have become the pursuit goals of thermal power generating units. Baosteel Power Plant Unit No. 4 is the first BFG gas mixing direct current barotropic boiler in the world. It is subcritical, primary reheat, DC, micro-positive pressure, tower boiler unit to make turbine-generator set. The boiler adopts Hitachi Germany Babcock power company's product. The technological characteristics of the whole unit and the configuration of auxiliary machines are unique at home and abroad, and its important auxiliary machine fault solving function (i.e. RUNBACK function) is very different from that of conventional units, and no mature experiments can be used for reference. In this paper, while strengthening the condition management of the important auxiliary machine of the unit, based on the experiment of the automatic control function of unit fast load reduction, RUNBACKK (RB function for short), the paper focuses on the research of the trouble solving strategy of the important auxiliary machine of the unit. In order to ensure the safe and stable operation of the partial load of the unit, some functional test results .RB logic has been obtained, and the load bottleneck caused by the tripping of the important auxiliary machine is taken as the center. Based on the energy balance, the unit enters the turbine following mode after the load. RB occurs, the boiler combustion is controlled by the FSSS coarse adjustment, and the steam turbine adjusts the unit load according to the pressure in front of the turbine, and the unit load is adjusted according to the pressure in front of the turbine. The load of the unit is reduced steadily to a level suitable to the bottleneck point of the load, and the parameters are automatically adjusted to reach the new steady state automatically. The experiments show that the new control strategy is very successful and achieves a very good control effect. The test process and results are highly praised by the operators. Based on the new control strategy and good control results, the RB function has reached the leading level of the domestic 350MW unit. In the future, all 5 RB functions should be put into operation to provide reliable guarantee for the safe and stable operation of the unit. So that the No. 4 unit has the function of solving the important auxiliary machine fault. At the same time, a breakthrough has been made in the aspects of burner excision, fuel mixture burning ratio study, high and low calorific value switching, abnormal control of feed water and abnormal control of desuperheating water when the unit has abnormal RB working conditions. At the same time, it has successfully completed the development of the RB function of the unit. A series of experimental and innovative results have also been achieved.
【学位授予单位】：东北大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：TM621

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