电力变压器的改造与节能研究

发布时间：2018-05-15 04:21

本文选题：电力变压器改造 + 差动保护　；参考：《南京理工大学》2014年硕士论文

【摘要】：电力变压器是电力系统中最重要的设备之一,其稳定运行是整个电网系统安全运行的可靠保障。由于一些外界或人为因素影响,电力变压器时常会发生各种类型故障或问题,危害系统安全稳定运行,降低了变压器运行效率。为解决变压器运行中存在的问题,以使变压器安全、稳定和高效运行,对变压器提出改造措施非常必要。讨论了电力变压器在差动保护、冷却系统以及节能降耗方面存在的问题,在研究相应原理的基础上,分析出现问题的原因,提出了具体的改造措施。并通过试验验证了改造方案的有效性。具体研究如下：1)针对变压器在实际运行中差动保护误动作问题,基于差动保护的工作原理分析保护出现误动作的原因,据此提出利用微机差动保护器SEL587作为变压器差动保护器的改造方案。通过高压侧最小差动电流保护试验,低压侧最小电流保护试验,差动速断保护试验三种试验方法检测SEL587微机差动保护器的工作性能,结果表明变压器防差动保护可靠性得到提高。2)针对运行时间长、设计不合理等变压器冷却系统改造的必要性,分析油浸式变压器冷却系统工作原理,提出了改造原则和改造方案。并对改造之后的变压器的热点温升作了详细分析。采用实例作计算分析,结果表明变压器冷却系统改造后,使变压器油的平均温升降低,而且降低了损耗,节省电费,具有可观的经济和社会效益。3)在变压器损耗理论和实例分析的基础上,研究了变压器节能改造方案。案例对绕组及铁芯用材、油箱以及变压器工艺结构进行改造,并且引入智能设备,分析案例得到：改造后的变压器在实际运行中,平均温升、噪音以及变压器损耗均得以降低,平均负载率得到提高,达到了节能降耗的目的。
[Abstract]:Power transformer is one of the most important equipments in power system, and its stable operation is the reliable guarantee for the safe operation of the whole power system. Due to some external or human factors, power transformers often occur various kinds of faults or problems, which harm the system safe and stable operation, and reduce the efficiency of transformer operation. In order to solve the problems existing in the operation of the transformer and make the transformer run safely, stably and efficiently, it is necessary to put forward the reform measures for the transformer. The problems in differential protection, cooling system and energy saving and consumption reduction of power transformers are discussed. On the basis of studying the relevant principles, the causes of the problems are analyzed, and the specific measures for improvement are put forward. The effectiveness of the scheme is verified by experiments. The specific research is as follows: (1) in view of the maloperation of differential protection in actual operation of transformer, based on the working principle of differential protection, the causes of maloperation of protection are analyzed. According to this, a scheme of using microcomputer differential protector SEL587 as transformer differential protector is put forward. The working performance of SEL587 microcomputer differential protector is tested by three test methods: the minimum differential current protection test on the high voltage side, the minimum current protection test on the low voltage side, and the differential quick break protection test on the low voltage side. The results show that the reliability of transformer protection against differential protection is improved. (2) aiming at the necessity of reforming transformer cooling system, such as long running time and unreasonable design, the working principle of oil-immersed transformer cooling system is analyzed. The reform principle and scheme are put forward. The hot spot temperature rise of transformers after transformation is analyzed in detail. The results show that the average temperature rise of transformer oil is reduced, the loss is reduced, and the electricity cost is saved after the transformer cooling system is reformed. On the basis of transformer loss theory and practical analysis, the transformation scheme of transformer energy saving is studied. In this paper, the technological structure of winding and core materials, oil tanks and transformers is reformed, and the intelligent equipment is introduced. The results show that the average temperature rise, noise and transformer loss are reduced in actual operation of transformers. The average load rate is increased to achieve the purpose of saving energy and reducing consumption.
【学位授予单位】：南京理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：TM41

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