基于咔唑的有机太阳能电池材料的设计合成与性能研究

发布时间：2018-05-16 21:33

本文选题：聚合物太阳能电池 + 染料敏化剂　；参考：《南昌航空大学》2014年硕士论文

【摘要】：有机太阳能电池不仅具有材料来源广泛、价格低廉、工艺简单等优点，而且通过对其材料的设计可以调控太阳能电池器件的性能。本文主要对聚合物太阳能电池和染料敏化太阳能电池的原理和结构进行了简单的介绍，，并对其研究现状和反展趋势进行了概述，设计并合成了新型的具有Donor-Acceptor结构的共轭聚合物材料和具有Donor-π-Acceptor结构的染料敏化剂，并对其性能进行了相应的测试，最后将聚合物材料制成了两种不同的太阳能电池器件进行了测试和分析。（1）合成了含咔唑结构的单体与带烷氧基侧链和带噻吩侧链的苯并二噻吩衍生物和与带有不同官能团的含噻吩结构的单体进行共聚，得到了PC2和PC3两个聚合物，并对这个两个聚合物的各项性能进行了测试，发现它们都具有良好的热稳定性和宽吸收光谱，这两个聚合物的电化学能带隙和光学能带隙结果相近，都属于低能带隙聚合物，最后将聚合物与PC60BM进行共混制成了光活性层，并将此活性层制成的器件进行光电转换效率的测试。（2）合成两种双溴单体和一种双锡化合物通过Stille偶合反应合成了一系列的聚合物，发现通过改变两种双溴单体的比例可以调节聚合物的能级，从而获得较低能带隙的聚合物。并对这些聚合物的各项性能进行了测试，发现它们都具有良好的热稳定性和宽吸收光谱，这两个聚合物的电化学能带隙和光学能带隙结果相近，都属于低能带隙聚合物，最后将聚合物与二氧化钛进行共混制成了杂化活性层，并将此活性层制成的杂化器件进行光电转换效率的测试。（3）合成了三种以咔唑作为电子给体，噻吩环和苯环作为共轭体系，氰基乙酸作为电子受体合成新型的染料敏化剂。并且设计保持给体和受体保持不变，通过改变共轭体系，发现噻吩环的增加使染料敏化剂材料的紫外可见吸收光谱发生了红移。
[Abstract]:Organic solar cells not only have the advantages of wide range of materials, low price and simple process, but also can control the performance of solar cell devices through the design of materials. In this paper, the principle and structure of polymer solar cells and dye sensitized solar cells are briefly introduced, and their research status and trend of reverse development are summarized. A novel conjugated polymer material with Donor-Acceptor structure and a dye sensitizer with Donor- 蟺 -acceptor structure were designed and synthesized. Finally, two kinds of solar cell devices made of polymer materials were tested and analyzed. The monomer containing carbazole structure was synthesized by copolymerization with benzodithiophene derivatives with alkoxy side chain and thiophene side chain and with thiophene with different functional groups. Two polymers, PC2 and PC3, were obtained. The properties of the two polymers were tested. It was found that the two polymers had good thermal stability and wide absorption spectra. The results of the electrochemical band gap and optical band gap of the two polymers were similar, and they were both low energy band gap polymers. Finally, the photoactive layer was prepared by blending the polymer with PC60BM, and the photoelectric conversion efficiency of the device was measured. A series of polymers were synthesized by Stille coupling reaction. It was found that the energy levels of the polymers could be adjusted by changing the ratio of the two dibromogenic monomers, thus the polymers with lower energy band gap could be obtained. The properties of these polymers were tested. It was found that they all had good thermal stability and wide absorption spectra. The results of electrochemical band gap and optical band gap of these two polymers were similar, and they were both low energy band gap polymers. Finally, the hybrid active layer was prepared by blending the polymer with titanium dioxide, and the photoelectric conversion efficiency of the hybrid device was measured. Three new dye sensitizers were synthesized using carbazole as electron donor thiophene ring and benzene ring as conjugate system and cyanoacetic acid as electron acceptor. By changing the conjugated system, it is found that the increase of thiophene ring makes the UV-Vis absorption spectra of dye sensitizer materials red shift.
【学位授予单位】：南昌航空大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：TM914.4;O631

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