非晶硅薄膜光伏组件基本力学性能与电性能研究

发布时间：2018-05-18 03:46

本文选题：光伏组件 + 力学性能　；参考：《西南科技大学》2015年硕士论文

【摘要】：随着光伏组件的广泛应用,光伏组件在实际应用过程中会承受风、雪、地震等荷载作用,这对光伏组件的强度和刚度提出了更高的要求。因此研究光伏组件的力学性能及在荷载作用下光伏组件电性能的变化规律尤其重要。本文通过理论分析,提出非晶硅薄膜光伏简化力学模型。并对光伏组件中的EVA胶、非晶硅薄膜电池的基本力学性能进行了测试,得到它们的弹性模量、屈服强度、极限强度等基本力学参数。为进行光伏组件参数化的数值分析提供了计算所需的力学参数,并为光伏组件生产企业提供了选材参考依据。为研究光伏组件的力学性能和电性能,设计了一个试验方案,分别对JX-1、DX-2试件进行平压,分析了试件的破坏特征、承载能力、电性能。研究结果表明:①非晶硅薄膜光伏组件的极限应,极限应力,极限荷载。②荷载加载初期,组件输出电压下降缓慢,当组件中玻璃发生破坏后,组件的输出电压才会急剧衰减。组件的结构强度和输出电压的衰减率共同决定非晶硅薄膜光伏组件的控制应力。为了保证组件结构使用安全和组件能正常输出电压,组件的控制应力应在47.71MPa左右,组件的允许荷载为8.46KPa。③组件满足现有规范中规定的机械荷载试验要求。采用ANSYS软件建立了计算模型,验证了简化力学模型的正确性,讨论玻璃厚度、EVA胶厚度、组件长宽比对试件的力学性能影响。分析结果表明:①光伏组件中玻璃厚度增加,组件承载力提高,各层材料中心点应力减小。在光伏组件总玻璃厚度不变的情况下,基底玻璃厚度与盖板玻璃厚度比大于1时相对于基底玻璃厚度与盖板玻璃厚度比小于1时的承载能力提高了,各层材料中心点应力减小了。②EVA胶厚度不宜超过0.64mm。③在四边简支的情况下,组件的长宽比在1:1时,各层材料应力是最小的,但是在实际工程中,为了方便施工及美观,习惯使组件的长宽比大于1。在保证组件实际工程应用中的力学承载能力及方便施工,建议组件长宽比在1:1~2:1之间。
[Abstract]:With the wide application of photovoltaic modules, photovoltaic modules will withstand wind, snow, earthquake and other loads in the process of practical application, which put forward a higher demand for the strength and stiffness of photovoltaic modules. Therefore, it is very important to study the mechanical properties of photovoltaic modules and the variation of electrical properties of photovoltaic modules under load. In this paper, a simplified photovoltaic mechanical model of amorphous silicon film is proposed by theoretical analysis. The basic mechanical properties of EVA adhesive and amorphous silicon thin film cell in photovoltaic module were tested, and their elastic modulus, yield strength and ultimate strength were obtained. The mechanical parameters are provided for the parameterized numerical analysis of photovoltaic modules, and the reference basis for the selection of materials is provided for the photovoltaic module manufacturing enterprises. In order to study the mechanical and electrical properties of the photovoltaic module, a test scheme was designed. The JX-1 / DX-2 specimen was pressured, and the failure characteristics, bearing capacity and electrical properties of the specimen were analyzed. The results show that the output voltage of the component decreases slowly at the initial loading stage, and the output voltage of the module decreases sharply when the glass in the module is destroyed. The control stress of the amorphous silicon thin film photovoltaic module is determined by the structural strength of the module and the attenuation rate of the output voltage. In order to ensure the safety of the component structure and the normal output voltage of the component, the control stress of the assembly should be about 47.71MPa, and the allowable load of the assembly is that the 8.46KPa.3 component meets the requirements of mechanical load test stipulated in the existing specifications. The calculation model was established by using ANSYS software to verify the correctness of the simplified mechanical model. The influence of glass thickness and the ratio of length to width of components on the mechanical properties of the specimen was discussed. The results show that the thickness of glass increases, the bearing capacity of the module increases, and the stress at the center of each layer decreases. Under the condition that the total glass thickness of photovoltaic module is constant, the bearing capacity of the ratio of substrate glass thickness to cover glass thickness is increased when the ratio of substrate glass thickness to cover glass thickness is greater than 1, and the ratio of substrate glass thickness to cover glass thickness is less than 1. The stress at the center point of each layer is reduced. 2EVA adhesive thickness should not exceed that of 0.64mm.3. When the ratio of length to width of the assembly is 1:1, the stress of each layer is minimum. However, in practical engineering, in order to facilitate construction and beautiful appearance, the stress of each layer is minimum when the ratio of length to width is 1:1. It is customary to have a aspect ratio of a component greater than 1. It is suggested that the ratio of length to width of components should be between 1: 1 and 2: 1 in order to ensure the mechanical bearing capacity of the components in practical engineering applications and to facilitate construction.
【学位授予单位】：西南科技大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：TM914.4

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