电力系统广域模糊阻尼控制研究

发布时间：2018-05-18 10:13

本文选题：低频振荡 + 广域阻尼控制　；参考：《南京师范大学》2015年硕士论文

【摘要】：电力系统规模的不断扩大使得大电网区域间低频振荡成为电力系统稳定的重要问题。传统的采用本地信号作为输入的电力系统稳定器不能很好地解决这种问题。广域测量系统可以提供广域反馈信号用于励磁控制,增强多机系统的阻尼,从而抑制区域间低频振荡。广域信号不可避免地存在通信时滞,时滞会降低控制效果。模糊控制是一种不需要建立复杂数学模型的非线性控制方法,其鲁棒性和适应性较好。因此,利用模糊控制技术补偿广域信号的时滞,对增强电力系统的阻尼,提高电力系统稳定性具有重要的意义。本文将广域信号作为附加稳定信号用于发电机励磁控制,应用模糊控制技术补偿通信时滞。基于模糊控制技术设计了三种广域阻尼控制器：Mamdani型、模糊自适应PID和T-S型广域阻尼控制器。模糊控制规则是设计模糊控制器的核心,以往的规则大都根据专家经验确定,文中在设计Mamdani型模糊控制器时介绍了一种确定模糊规则的方法,所设计的控制器性能良好。提出了模糊自适应PID广域阻尼控制器设计方法。运用PID补偿广域信号时滞,利用模糊推理系统改变PID增益,达到自适应变增益的目的。提出了采用云模型和T-S型模糊系统的广域阻尼控制器。用T-S模糊推理系统补偿广域信号时滞,用云模型确定T-S推理系统的权值。T-S模糊推理系统和云模型相结合,能够增强控制系统的鲁棒性。数字仿真结果表明,本文提出的这2种控制器能很好的补偿通信时滞,增强互联系统的阻尼,抑制低频振荡,提高电力系统的稳定性。电力系统半实物实时仿真技术既可以模拟电网实时运行特性,又能解决真实系统测试中环境制约的难题,测试结果接近实际情况。RT-LAB在大型电网高精度实时仿真方面有明显的优点,能够精确模拟目前电力系统中的各种电磁暂态过程。本文用RT-LAB实时仿真平台进行广域阻尼控制器硬件在环仿真实验。4机2区域电力系统用RT-LAB仿真软件实现实时仿真,以DSP为核心的硬件和软件系统实现“基于模糊自适应PID的广域阻尼控制”和“T-S型广域阻尼控制”功能。RT-LAB实时仿真平台与DSP为核心的广域阻尼控制器构成硬件在环仿真系统,这种硬件在环半实物仿真实验结果验证了理论分析的正确性和可行性以及广域阻尼控制器应用的有效性。
[Abstract]:With the continuous expansion of power system scale, low frequency oscillation between large power grids becomes an important issue of power system stability. The traditional power system stabilizer using local signal as input can not solve this problem well. Wide-area measurement system can provide wide-area feedback signal for excitation control, enhance the damping of multi-machine system, and suppress the inter-region low-frequency oscillation. Communication delay is inevitable in wide area signal, which will reduce the control effect. Fuzzy control is a nonlinear control method which does not need to establish complex mathematical models. Its robustness and adaptability are good. Therefore, it is very important to use fuzzy control technology to compensate the time delay of wide area signal for enhancing the damping of power system and improving the stability of power system. In this paper, the wide-area signal is used as the additional stable signal for generator excitation control, and the fuzzy control technique is applied to compensate the communication delay. Based on the fuzzy control technology, three kinds of wide-area damping controllers, namely: Mamdani type, fuzzy adaptive PID controller and T-S type wide-area damping controller, are designed. The rule of fuzzy control is the core of designing fuzzy controller. Most of the former rules are determined according to expert experience. This paper introduces a method of determining fuzzy rules when designing Mamdani fuzzy controller, and the controller designed has good performance. The design method of fuzzy adaptive PID wide area damping controller is presented. PID is used to compensate wide area signal delay and fuzzy inference system is used to change the PID gain to achieve the purpose of adaptive variable gain. A wide-area damping controller using cloud model and T-S fuzzy system is proposed. The T-S fuzzy inference system is used to compensate the wide-area signal delay and the cloud model is used to determine the weight of T-S inference system. The combination of T-S fuzzy inference system and cloud model can enhance the robustness of the control system. The digital simulation results show that the two controllers proposed in this paper can compensate the communication delay, enhance the damping of interconnected systems, suppress low frequency oscillation and improve the stability of power system. The power system hardware-in-the-loop real-time simulation technology can not only simulate the real-time operation characteristics of the power system, but also solve the problem of environmental constraints in the real system testing. The test results are close to the actual situation. RT-lab has obvious advantages in high-precision real-time simulation of large power network, and can accurately simulate various electromagnetic transient processes in power system at present. In this paper, RT-LAB real-time simulation platform is used to realize real-time simulation of wide area damping controller hardware in loop simulation experiment. 4 machine 2 area power system is simulated by RT-LAB software. The hardware and software system with DSP as the core realizes the functions of "wide area damping control based on fuzzy adaptive PID" and "T-S type wide area damping control". The real-time simulation platform based on RT-lab and the wide area damping controller with DSP as the core constitute the hardware in loop simulation system. The hardware-in-the-loop simulation results demonstrate the correctness and feasibility of the theoretical analysis and the validity of the wide area damping controller.
【学位授予单位】：南京师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：TM712

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